A High School Program for Preventing Prescription Drug Abuse

预防处方药滥用的高中计划

基本信息

批准号：
9980826
负责人：
Christopher Williams
金额：
$ 51.56万
依托单位：
NATIONAL HEALTH PROMOTION ASSOCIATES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-05-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9980826
关键词：
Address Administrator Adolescent Age Aggressive behavior Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Attitude Behavior Behavioral Cessation of life Community Practice Control Groups Country Drug Prescriptions Drug abuse E-learning Educational Curriculum Evaluation Expectancy Feedback Focus Groups Future Teacher Health education Heroin Abuse Heroin Users High School Student Informal Social Control Intervention Knowledge Learning Module Life Lifestyle-related condition Marijuana Marketing Modality Modeling Monitor Morbidity - disease rate Nature Outcome Peer Review Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Prescription drug overdose Prevention Prevention approach Prevention program Preventive Intervention Primary Prevention Process Provider Public Health Publications Randomized Randomized Controlled Trials Recording of previous events Reporting Research Risk Factors School-Age Population Schools Series Small Business Innovation Research Grant Social Change Substance abuse problem Testing Time Training Training Programs United States Violence Youth adverse outcome alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use base commercialization design drug abuse prevention effectiveness testing evidence base follow up assessment group intervention hands-on learning high school high school program innovation mortality new technology prescription drug abuse prescription opioid abuse prescription opioid misuse prevent programs protective factors prototype randomized trial recruit rehearsal school health skills skills training social social norm substance abuse prevention treatment as usual universal prevention usability

项目摘要

ABSTRACT A High School Program for Preventing Prescription Drug Abuse This Fast-Track SBIR proposal is designed to address the critical need for an effective primary prevention approach for prescription drug abuse (PDA), an urgent public health crisis in the United States. Deaths from prescription drug overdoses have more than tripled in the past 15 years, and the abuse of prescription opioids has fueled a dramatic rise in heroin abuse, with 3 of 4 new heroin users reporting a history of misuse of prescription opioids. The peak ages for PDA in the U.S. are 18 to 25. Thus, effectively preventing PDA in adolescents is central to reducing further increases in morbidity and mortality. Research demonstrates that alcohol, marijuana, and other forms of substance abuse typically co-occur with PDA and share similar risk and protective factors. School-based prevention provides access to large numbers of youth, but new program implementation modalities are needed because there is less time available for classroom-based prevention than in years past. Thus, there is a need for prevention programs that address the risk and protective factors unique to PDA, are broad-based in nature so that they address the risk and protective factors common to substance abuse and related problem behaviors, incorporate best practices in effective substance abuse prevention, and take advantage of new technologies to enhance classroom-based sessions. In the proposed project, we will develop and test an adaptation of the evidence-based substance abuse prevention approach called Life Skills Training (LST). The LST program has been extensively tested and found to effectively prevent substance abuse, violence and aggression in a series of randomized controlled trials with behavioral effects reported in over 30 peer-reviewed publications. The proposed preventive intervention for high school PDA will (1) utilize both online e-learning modules and interactive classroom sessions to address PDA and concurrent alcohol/drug abuse; (2) positively change social norms surrounding PDA and alcohol/drug abuse; (3) challenge positive expectancies about the benefits of PDA; (4) discourage diversion of prescription medication; (5) enhance protective factors by building social, self-regulation, and relationship skills through interactive learning and behavioral rehearsal scenarios; and (6) include online booster sessions. In Phase I, we will focus group test prototype materials with high school students, teachers, and administrators to demonstrate feasibility, relevance, usefulness, and appeal. Materials will be revised based on focus group feedback. In Phase II we will fully develop the program materials and conduct a rigorous national randomized trial of the prevention program. High schools (N=30) will be randomized into either an intervention group that receives the intervention or a treatment-as-usual control group that receives existing school health education programming. At the end of the initial intervention period, and at one- and two-year follow-ups, we will compare both groups with respect to changes in behaviors, norms, attitudes, and knowledge regarding PDA and other forms of substance abuse. This research offers the potential to identify an innovative and engaging prevention program capable of reducing PDA and other drug abuse.

抽象的预防处方药滥用的高中计划该快速通道 SBIR 提案旨在满足有效初级预防的迫切需求处方药滥用（PDA）是美国的一个紧急公共卫生危机。死亡人数来自过去 15 年来，处方药过量服用增加了两倍多，处方阿片类药物的滥用导致海洛因滥用急剧增加，四分之三的新海洛因使用者报告有滥用海洛因的历史处方阿片类药物。在美国，PDA的发病高峰年龄为18岁至25岁。因此，有效预防PDA的发生青少年对于减少发病率和死亡率的进一步上升至关重要。研究表明酒精、大麻和其他形式的药物滥用通常与 PDA 同时发生，并且具有相似的风险和保护因素。以学校为基础的预防为大量青少年提供了机会，但新计划需要实施方式，因为可用于基于课堂的预防的时间比在过去的几年里。因此，需要针对独特的风险和保护因素的预防计划 PDA 本质上具有广泛基础，因此它们解决了物质常见的风险和保护因素滥用和相关问题行为，纳入有效预防药物滥用的最佳实践，以及利用新技术来加强课堂教学。在拟议的项目中，我们将开发并测试一种基于证据的药物滥用预防方法，称为“生活技能” 训练（LST）。 LST 计划经过广泛测试，发现可以有效防止药物滥用，一系列随机对照试验中的暴力和攻击行为，超过 30 项报告了行为影响同行评审的出版物。拟议的高中 PDA 预防性干预措施将 (1) 利用在线用于解决 PDA 和并发酒精/药物滥用问题的电子学习模块和互动课堂课程； (2) 积极改变有关 PDA 和酒精/药物滥用的社会规范； (3)挑战积极预期关于 PDA 的好处； (4) 阻止处方药的转移； (5) 增强保护因素通过互动学习和行为排练培养社交、自我调节和人际关系技能场景； (6) 包括在线强化课程。在第一阶段，我们将重点小组测试原型材料高中生、教师和管理人员展示可行性、相关性、有用性和吸引力。材料将根据焦点小组的反馈进行修订。在第二阶段我们将全面开发项目材料并对预防计划进行严格的全国随机试验。高中 (N=30) 将随机分为接受干预的干预组或照常治疗的对照组接受现有的学校健康教育规划。在初始干预期结束时，以及在在一年和两年的随访中，我们将比较两组的行为、规范、关于 PDA 和其他形式的药物滥用的态度和知识。这项研究提供了潜力确定能够减少 PDA 和其他药物滥用的创新且有吸引力的预防计划。