Binocular Coordination of Eye Movements

眼球运动的双眼协调

基本信息

批准号：
9896182
负责人：
VALLABH E DAS
金额：
$ 38.75万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-04-01 至 2023-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9896182
关键词：
4 year old Acoustic Stimulation Address Adolescent Affect Animal Model Animals Auditory Automobile Driving Behavior Binocular Vision Brain Cells Characteristics Child Choice Behavior Clinical Comparative Study Data Development Environment Eye Eye Development Eye Movements Feedback Human Infant Investigation Left Life Location Macaca mulatta Methods Mind Modeling Monkeys Motivation Motor Muscle Neurons Operative Surgical Procedures Optics Patients Pattern Peripheral Photic Stimulation Physiological Positioning Attribute Primates Procedures Property Proprioception Reporting Research Retina Rhesus Role Saccades Sensory Sensory Process Signal Transduction Source Stimulus Strabismus System Testing Trigeminal nerve structure United States Vision Visual Visual Cortex Work auditory stimulus base critical period developmental disease experience experimental study gaze infancy insight multisensory neural circuit nonhuman primate novel oculomotor orbit muscle preference programs relating to nervous system response sample fixation superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina vector visual information visual stimulus

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Developmental strabismus (ocular misalignment) remains one of the most prevalent clinical problems related to the visual-oculomotor system in children. In addition to horizontal eye misalignment, a host of other oculomotor disturbances are associated with strabismus and despite considerable work, the mechanisms underlying some of the unique oculomotor properties associated with the condition are unknown. In aims 1 and 2 of this proposal, we focus on addressing how strabismic subjects orient their eyes to visual and non-visual target stimuli within their environment. This is especially interesting in the strabismic subjects because of their ability to choose either of their eyes to acquire the target. Fixation preference is thought to be driven by visual suppression of information from portions of the retina. However, eye movements are also made to acquire non- visual (eg: auditory) targets. What happens to fixation preference and fixation-switching behavior in strabismus when no visual stimulus is available? Aim 1 involves comparative studies of fixation switch and fixation preference when the stimulus to the strabismic animal is either visual or auditory. In aim 2, we propose single unit recording studies of neurons in the superior colliculus (SC) to determine their role in fixation-switch behavior in response to the visual or auditory stimuli. The SC is chosen as the target of investigation because of its reported role in target selection and its role in orienting to visual and auditory stimuli and in multisensory integration. Aim1 and Aim 2 studies will be performed in juvenile rhesus non-human primates previously induced with a sensory form of strabismus by rearing them under special viewing conditions (optical prism rearing) for the first four months of their life. In Aim 3, we propose to develop a new non-human primate strabismus model that utilizes loss of eye muscle proprioception due to sectioning of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve in infancy. The motivation to develop a new model is that despite considerable work, the mechanisms underlying the development of strabismus, especially in those patients where there is no obvious loss of binocular vision or extraocular muscle disruption, are unknown. Our hypothesis is that intact eye muscle proprioception is also needed for development of proper ocular alignment. We will investigate the longitudinal development of eye alignment in these animals and compare proprioceptive loss strabismus to that occurring due to loss of binocular vision (optical prism strabismus). In summary, each of the specific aims in this project is likely to significantly advance our understanding of strabismus mechanisms and the neural circuitry underlying some of its properties. Moreover, this project has the potential to help guide the development of rationally based therapies.

抽象的发育性斜视（眼部错位）仍然是最普遍的临床问题之一影响儿童的视觉动眼系统。除了水平眼错位之外，还有许多其他问题动眼神经障碍与斜视有关，尽管进行了大量工作，但其机制与该病症相关的一些独特的动眼神经特性尚不清楚。在目标 1 和在该提案的第 2 部分中，我们重点讨论斜视受试者如何将眼睛定向到视觉和非视觉他们的环境中的目标刺激。这对于斜视受试者来说尤其有趣，因为他们能够选择任意一只眼睛来获取目标。固视偏好被认为是由视觉驱动的抑制来自视网膜部分的信息。然而，眼球运动也是为了获得非视觉（例如：听觉）目标。斜视的注视偏好和注视切换行为会发生什么变化当没有视觉刺激时？目标 1 涉及固定开关和固定的比较研究当对斜视动物的刺激是视觉或听觉时的偏好。在目标 2 中，我们建议单一对上丘 (SC) 神经元进行单位记录研究，以确定它们在注视转换中的作用对视觉或听觉刺激作出反应的行为。 SC被选为调查目标是因为其在目标选择中的作用及其在视觉和听觉刺激定向以及多感官中的作用一体化。 Aim1 和 Aim 2 研究将在幼年恒河猴非人类灵长类动物中进行通过在特殊的观察条件（光学棱镜）下饲养它们来诱发斜视的感觉形式养育）在他们生命的前四个月。在目标 3 中，我们建议开发一种新的非人类灵长类动物斜视模型，利用由于眼部分割造成的眼肌本体感觉丧失婴儿期的三叉神经。开发新模型的动机是，尽管进行了大量工作，斜视发生的机制，特别是对于那些没有明显斜视的患者双眼视力丧失或眼外肌破坏尚不清楚。我们的假设是完整的眼肌本体感觉对于发展正确的眼部排列也是需要的。我们将纵向研究这些动物眼睛排列的发育，并将本体感觉丧失斜视与发生的斜视进行比较由于双眼视力丧失（光学棱镜斜视）。总而言之，该项目的每个具体目标可能会显着增进我们对斜视机制和神经回路的理解其某些属性的基础。此外，该项目有潜力帮助指导发展基于理性的治疗。