Nexus of Risk: Sexual Assault, Alcohol Use, and Risky Sex among College Women

风险关系：女大学生的性侵犯、酗酒和危险性行为

基本信息

批准号：
9883621
负责人：
Elizabeth Yeater
金额：
$ 18.16万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-05 至 2023-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9883621
关键词：
Adverse event Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcoholic Intoxication Alcohols Attitude Behavior Breeding Control Groups Data Development Eating Disorders Ecological momentary assessment Effectiveness Epidemic Etiology Event Exposure to Feedback Forcible intercourse Gap Junctions Heavy Drinking Individual Differences Intervention Kale - dietary Life Link Memory Mental Health Modeling Mood Disorders Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical aggression Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Pregnancy Prevention approach Public Health Randomized Controlled Trials Recording of previous events Reporting Research Risk Sexually Transmitted Diseases Students Time Victimization Woman Work adverse outcome alcohol expectancy alcohol involvement assault binge drinking college compare effectiveness condoms cost effective design diaries experience follow-up high risk high risk population high risk sexual behavior information processing innovation novel peer influence physical conditioning prevent prospective response revictimization sex sexual assault sexual risk taking sexual victimization sexual violence social social situation undergraduate student violence against women

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Sexual assault is a significant public health problem. The sequelae of victimization involve both mental and physical health problems (Bedard-Gilligan et al., 2011; Hughes et al., 2010), and once victimized, women are at significant increased risk for revictimization (Classen et al., 2005; Messman-Moore & Long, 2003). Sexual assault has reached epidemic proportions on college campuses, with undergraduate women reporting high rates of victimization (Krebs et al., 2007). Alcohol use is intimately intertwined with sexual violence (Abbey, 2011), as well as high-risk sexual behavior (Scott-Sheldon et al., 2010). Work on the situational precipitants of sexual assault has relied primarily on women's retrospective accounts, even though autobiographical memory is plagued by error (Bradburn et al., 1987). One way to obtain ecologically valid observations of these precipitants may be through Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). EMA data are collected in near real- time and are considered to have greater validity than retrospective accounts (Shiffman et al., 2008). The primary aim of this study will be to use EMA to obtain a better understanding of the contextual determinants of sexual assault, as well as the co-occurrence of victimization, risky sex, and substance use. This basic work then will inform the development of an Ecological Momentary Intervention (EMI) for college women to reduce their risk. EMI would permit an opportunity to intervene prior to and during high-risk situations by providing women with personalized feedback about their level of risk for victimization and related adverse events. The secondary aim of this study will be to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effectiveness of EMA/EMI, relative to EMA-only and an assessment only control group, in decreasing rates of sexual assault, risky sexual behavior, and substance use. This RCT will be prospective in design and target women who are at increased risk for assault (freshman). If supported, this work would offer college campuses a cost-effective, easily disseminated approach to preventing assault and other adverse consequences.

项目概要性侵犯是一个重大的公共卫生问题。受害的后遗症涉及精神和身体健康问题（Bedard-Gilligan 等人，2011；Hughes 等人，2010），一旦成为受害者，妇女再次受害的风险显着增加（Classen 等人，2005 年；Messman-Moore & Long，2003 年）。性大学校园里的袭击事件已达到普遍程度，其中本科女生报告比例很高受害率（Krebs 等，2007）。饮酒与性暴力密切相关（Abbey， 2011），以及高风险性行为（Scott-Sheldon 等人，2010）。针对情境诱因开展工作性侵犯主要依赖于女性的回顾性叙述，尽管自传体记忆受到错误的困扰（Bradburn 等，1987）。获得这些生态学有效观测结果的一种方法沉淀物可通过生态瞬时评估（EMA）进行。 EMA 数据是近乎实时收集的时间并被认为比回顾性账户具有更高的有效性（Shiffman 等，2008）。这本研究的主要目的是利用 EMA 更好地理解环境决定因素性侵犯，以及同时发生的受害、危险性行为和药物滥用。这个基础工作然后将为女大学生制定生态瞬时干预措施（EMI），以减少他们的风险。 EMI 将允许在高风险情况发生之前和期间进行干预，方法是：向妇女提供有关其受害风险水平和相关不良事件的个性化反馈。这这项研究的次要目的是进行一项随机对照试验（RCT），比较有效性相对于仅 EMA 和仅评估对照组，EMA/EMI 的性侵犯率降低，危险的性行为和药物滥用。该随机对照试验在设计上具有前瞻性，针对处于以下阶段的女性：遭受袭击的风险增加（新生）。如果得到支持，这项工作将为大学校园提供一个具有成本效益的、防止攻击和其他不良后果的易于传播的方法。