Reducing HIV Risk Among Adolescents

降低青少年的艾滋病毒风险

基本信息

批准号：
9307871
负责人：
Laura M. Widman
金额：
$ 23.85万
依托单位：
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-26 至 2018-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9307871
关键词：
AIDS/HIV problem Abstinence Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent HIV risk Advisory Committees Age Award Behavior Control Clinical Trials Communication Computers Contracts Data Development Enrollment Female Adolescents Focus Groups Friends Future Gender Goals HIV Health Incidence Infection Intervention Intervention Studies Journalism Knowledge Lead Literature Longitudinal Studies Mediation Mentors Mentorship Methodology Methods Newly Diagnosed North Carolina Pathway interactions Pattern Phase Play Population Postdoctoral Fellow Prevention program Process Psychology Public Health Public Health Schools Race Randomized Controlled Trials Research Research Project Grants Risk Risk Behaviors Safe Sex Sampling Schools Scientist Sexual Health Sexually Transmitted Diseases Social Sciences Subgroup Target Populations Teenagers Testing Time Training Treatment Efficacy Universities Unsafe Sex Update Youth adolescent sexual health base boys career career development computerized condoms consistent condom use design disease transmission effective intervention ethnic diversity experience girls high risk sexual behavior improved innovation intervention program longitudinal design multidisciplinary peer influence prevent prospective public health relevance sex sexual health intervention sexual role sexually active adolescent skill acquisition skills skills training statistics theories usability

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Career Goal: I am committed to a career as a research scientist working at the intersection of psychology and public health. My goal is to contribute to both basic social science and prevention programs that improve adolescent sexual health and reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV/AIDS. Career Development: This Pathway to Independence Award will enhance my methodological and statistical skills and provide the specific training that I need to transition from conducting research on the predictors of risky sexual behaviors that lead to HIV/STD transmission to designing and implementing effective HIV/STD prevention programs for adolescents. During the mentored training phase, my goals are to: 1) master methodological strategies for conducting school-based sexual health research; 2) gain proficiency in the advanced statistics needed to analyze multi-wave longitudinal data; 3) gain the skills necessary to design and implement an effective sexual health intervention; and 4) develop the skills, expertise, and pilot data to facilitate my successful transition from a mentored postdoctoral fellow into a fully independent research scientist. Research Project: In the U.S., youth between the ages of 15-24 years represent 25% of the sexually experienced population, yet they acquire a full 50% of all STDs. This results in over 9 million STDs and 8,300 newly diagnosed cases of HIV each year in this group, with teen girls at greater risk of infection than boys. The goal of the current project is t gain a more comprehensive understanding of the way that sexual communication, defined as the ability to discuss sexual health topics, such as condom use, HIV/STDs, and abstinence, may reduce acts of unprotected sex among teens. Then, using this updated understanding, I will incorporate sexual communication skills training into an innovative, computer-based HIV/STD prevention program for adolescent girls. The project objectives will be achieved through the following three Specific Aims: 1) examine adolescent sexual communication and condom use over time; 2) develop an interactive, computer-based intervention to increase adolescent girls' sexual communication skills; and 3) assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the sexual communication intervention in a randomized controlled trial. Mentorship: A highly accomplished, multidisciplinary team of experts from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill will mentor me in the initial two years of this award and provide ongoing guidance and support as I launch my independent career. This mentoring team includes two primary mentors: Dr. Mitch Prinstein (Department of Psychology) and Dr. Carol Golin (School of Public Health, Center for AIDS Research), and an outstanding scientific advisory committee: Dr. Daniel Bauer (Department of Psychology), Dr. Seth Noar (School of Journalism and Mass Communication), and Dr. Jane Brown (School of Journalism and Mass Communication). Future Directions: The skills achieved and the rich preliminary data from this proposal will directly support a future R01 application to conduct a full clinical trial of the sexual communication intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：职业目标：我致力于作为一名从事心理学和公共卫生交叉领域工作的研究科学家。我的目标是为基础社会科学和预防计划做出贡献，以改善青少年性健康并减少包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病在内的性传播疾病 (STD) 的发病率。职业发展：该独立之路奖将增强我的方法论和统计技能，并提供我所需的具体培训，使我能够从对导致艾滋病毒/性病传播的危险性行为的预测因素进行研究过渡到设计和实施有效的艾滋病毒/性病青少年预防计划。在指导培训阶段，我的目标是：1）掌握进行学校性健康研究的方法策略； 2) 熟练掌握分析多波纵向数据所需的高级统计学； 3) 获得设计和实施有效的性健康干预措施所需的技能； 4）发展技能、专业知识和试点数据，以促进我从一名受指导的博士后研究员成功转变为一名完全独立的研究科学家。研究项目：在美国，15-24 岁的青少年占有性经验人口的 25%，但他们感染的性病却占所有性病的 50%。这导致该群体每年有超过 900 万例性传播疾病和 8,300 例新诊断的艾滋病毒病例，其中少女比男孩感染的风险更大。当前项目的目标是更全面地了解性沟通（定义为讨论性健康话题的能力，例如安全套的使用、艾滋病毒/性病和禁欲）可能会减少青少年中无保护性行为的方式。然后，利用这一最新的理解，我将把性沟通技巧培训纳入针对青春期女孩的基于计算机的创新艾滋病毒/性病预防计划中。该项目的目标将通过以下三个具体目标来实现：1）随着时间的推移检查青少年性沟通和安全套使用情况； 2) 开发一种交互式的、基于计算机的干预措施，以提高青春期女孩的性沟通技巧； 3）通过随机对照试验评估性沟通干预的可行性和初步效果。指导：来自北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校的一支卓有成就的多学科专家团队将在获得该奖项的头两年内为我提供指导，并在我开始独立职业生涯时提供持续的指导和支持。该导师团队包括两位主要导师：Mitch Prinstein博士（心理学系）和Carol Golin博士（公共卫生学院、艾滋病研究中心），以及杰出的科学顾问委员会：Daniel Bauer博士（心理学系）、Seth Noar 博士（新闻与大众传播学院）和 Jane Brown 博士（新闻与大众传播学院）。未来方向：该提案所获得的技能和丰富的初步数据将直接支持未来的 R01 申请，以进行性沟通干预的全面临床试验。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Gender Differences in Parents' Communication With Their Adolescent Children about Sexual Risk and Sex-Positive Topics.

父母与青春期孩子就性风险和性积极话题进行沟通时的性别差异。

DOI：
发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Evans, Reina;Widman, Laura;Kamke, Kristyn;Stewart, J L
通讯作者：
Stewart, J L

Evaluation of an Online Sexual Health Program among Adolescent Girls with Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties.

对有情感和行为困难的青春期女孩的在线性健康计划的评估。

DOI：
发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kamke, K;Widman, L;Desmarais, S L
通讯作者：
Desmarais, S L

Multilevel Barriers to Sexual Health Behavior Among Vulnerable Adolescent Girls in the USA.

美国弱势青春期女孩性健康行为的多层次障碍。

DOI：
发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kamke, Kristyn;Stewart, J L;Widman, Laura
通讯作者：
Widman, Laura

Perceptions of a campus-wide condom distribution programme: An exploratory study.

对全校园安全套分发计划的看法：一项探索性研究。

DOI：
发表时间：
2016-12
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Francis, Diane B;Noar, Seth M;Widman, Laura;Willoughby, Jessica Fitts;Sanchez, Diana M;Garrett, Kyla P
通讯作者：
Garrett, Kyla P

Understanding Adolescents' Attitudes Toward Affirmative Consent.

了解青少年对肯定同意的态度。