Project 1: Neural Basis of Muscle Action Loops

项目 1：肌肉动作环的神经基础

• 批准号: 9444305
• 负责人: John Tuthill
• 金额: $ 65.17万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9444305
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Adaptive Behaviors; Affect; Afferent Neurons; Animals; Architecture; Axon; Back; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Breathing; Complex; Dancing; Dendrites; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Environment; Equilibrium; Face; Feedback; Functional Imaging; Gait; Genetic; Goals; Grasshoppers; Human; Insecta; Internet; Invertebrates; Lead; Leg; Maps; Mechanics; Motor; Motor Activity; Motor Neurons; Motor output; Movement; Muscle; Muscle Cells; Muscle Contraction; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Output; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Proprioceptor; Role; Running; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Songbirds; Speed; Synapses; Testing; Time; Vertebrates; Walking; Wing; Work; cell type; flexibility; fly; motor control; motor neuron function; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; programs; relating to nervous system; sensory feedback; tool

Project 1: The Neural Basis of Muscle Action Loops Abstract The goal of Project 1 is to identify neural mechanisms of sensorimotor processing within low-level muscle action loops that control walking and flight behavior. Acting at the interface between the nervous system and the body, muscle action loops face a daunting set of demands: they must operate with both speed and precision, while retaining the flexibility and robustness necessary to function in diverse, unpredictable environments. To understand how motor control circuits balance these demands to control adaptive behavior, we will combine cell-type specific genetic tools with electrophysiology, functional imaging, and behavioral analysis in the fly. We will first investigate how activity within diverse populations of motor neurons interacts to produce muscle contraction and complex body movements. We will then ask how proprioceptive feedback signals are integrated with ongoing motor commands to adapt and refine behavioral output. Finally, we will work to understand how low-level muscle action loops interact with descending neuromodulatory signals to generate patterned motor activity. These experimental and theoretical efforts are divided into the following Specific Aims: Specific Aim 1: Investigate how motor neurons robustly control body movement. Specific Aim 2: Determine the role of proprioceptive feedback in fine-tuning precise motor output. Specific Aim 3: Identify origins and mechanisms of sensorimotor neuromodulation that contribute to flexible locomotor behavior.

项目 1：肌肉动作环的神经基础 抽象的 项目 1 的目标是识别低水平感觉运动处理的神经机制 控制行走和飞行行为的肌肉动作循环。作用于两者之间的接口 神经系统和身体、肌肉动作循环面临着一系列令人畏惧的要求：它们必须运转 兼具速度和精度，同时保留功能所需的灵活性和稳健性 多样化、不可预测的环境。了解电机控制电路如何平衡这些需求 为了控制适应性行为，我们将结合细胞类型特定的遗传工具与电生理学， 功能成像和飞行中的行为分析。我们将首先调查内部的活动如何 不同的运动神经元群体相互作用产生肌肉收缩和复杂的身体 动作。然后我们会问本体感觉反馈信号如何与正在进行的运动相结合 命令来适应和完善行为输出。最后，我们将努力了解底层是如何 肌肉动作环路与下行神经调节信号相互作用，产生模式化运动 活动。这些实验和理论工作分为以下具体目标： 具体目标 1：研究运动神经元如何稳健地控制身体运动。 具体目标 2：确定本体感觉反馈在微调精度中的作用 电机输出。 具体目标 3：确定感觉运动神经调节的起源和机制 有助于灵活的运动行为。