SPECS

眼镜

• 批准号: 10756412
• 负责人: Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein
• 金额: $ 30.32万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10756412
• 关键词: SPECS

PROJECT ABSTRACT The estimated HIV prevalence among criminal justice (CJ) involved individuals is three times higher than the general population. Parolees on post-release supervision after release experience multi-level obstacles (e.g., lack of access to housing, employment) that act as barriers to HIV prevention efforts, making existing approaches to HIV prevention insufficient for reducing HIV incidence. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a once daily medication (emtricitabine/tenofovir, FTC/TDF) that has demonstrated efficacy in preventing HIV among at-risk groups. Little is known about PrEP knowledge, acceptability, initiation, and sustained use among parolees recently released from prison or how these patterns vary by individual (HIV risk factor, sociodemographic characteristics), social (stigma, social support), and structural (housing, employment) factors. Therefore, we propose to conduct an observational, multi-site cohort study in North Carolina, Kentucky, and Florida—the Southern Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis [PrEP] Cohort Study among Parolees (SPECS-P). This study is guided by the Social Ecological Model and the NIMHD Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Framework, which both have a focus extending beyond the individual and acknowledge that multi-level (individual, social, and structural) factors play a role in the perpetuation of persistent health disparities. The specific aims of the proposed study are: 1) characterize PrEP knowledge and acceptability among parolees; 2) identify the multi-level factors that predict PrEP initiation and sustained use among parolees; 3) qualitatively assess the multi-level factors that affect PrEP acceptability, initiation and sustained use to inform future intervention development. The proposed project will be the first observational cohort study that includes a CJ involved population at extreme risk for HIV acquisition. Our study is aligned with the following high priority topics as defined by the NIH, NIMHD Science Visioning, and Office of AIDS Research: a) advancing evaluation of approaches to improve minority health or to reduce health disparities; and b) reducing incidence of HIV/AIDS and implementing strategies to improve entry into prevention services.

项目摘要 涉及刑事司法 (CJ) 的个人中估计的艾滋病毒感染率比其他人高出三倍 普通民众在刑满释放后的监管上会遇到多层次的障碍。 （例如，缺乏获得住房、就业的机会），这成为艾滋病毒预防工作的障碍，使现有的 艾滋病毒预防方法不足以降低艾滋病毒发病率。 每日一次的药物（恩曲他滨/替诺福韦、FTC/TDF）已被证明可有效预防艾滋病毒 高危人群对 PrEP 知识、可接受性、启动和持续使用知之甚少。 最近从监狱释放的假释犯中的情况或这些模式如何因人而异（艾滋病毒风险因素， 社会人口特征）、社会（耻辱、社会支持）和结构（住房、就业） 因此，我们建议在北卡罗来纳州进行一项观察性、多地点队列研究， 肯塔基州和佛罗里达州——南方假释犯暴露前预防 [PrEP] 队列研究 (SPECS-P) 本研究以社会生态模型和 NIMHD 少数民族健康与健康为指导。 差异研究框架，其重点都超出了个人和 承认多层次（个人、社会和结构）因素在永久存在中发挥着作用 拟议研究的具体目标是：1）描述 PrEP 知识的特征。 2) 确定预测 PrEP 启动和持续的多层次因素； 3) 定性评估影响 PrEP 可接受性、启动的多层次因素 并持续使用以指导未来干预措施的发展。拟议的项目将是第一个。 观察性队列研究，其中包括 CJ 涉及的 HIV 感染极端风险人群。 研究与 NIH、NIMHD Science Visioning 和 NIMHD 定义的以下高优先主题相一致 艾滋病研究办公室：a) 推进对改善少数群体健康或减少艾滋病毒感染的方法的评估 健康差距；和 b) 减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病的发病率并实施改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染率的战略 预防服务。