Metabolic Engineering Cellulose-Based Biomaterials

代谢工程纤维素基生物材料

基本信息

批准号：
7175040
负责人：
DAVID L. KAPLAN
金额：
$ 19.22万
依托单位：
TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7175040
关键词：
Acetylglucosamine Amines Anabolism Analytical Chemistry Area Bacteria Biocompatible Materials Biological Biological Process Biomedical Engineering Biopolymers Bone Marrow Bone Tissue Candida albicans Carbohydrate Chemistry Carbon Cartilage Cells Cellulases Cellulose Charge Chemicals Chemistry Chitin Chitinase Chitosan Coupled Data Devices Engineering Enzymes Family Fiber Future Genetic Gluconacetobacter xylinus Glucosamine Glucose Goals Human Hybrids Hydrolysis In Vitro Inflammation Inflammatory Response Lead Link Mechanics Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cells Metabolic Metabolic Control Metabolic Pathway Metabolism Modification Monosaccharides Muramidase Nature Nitrogen Organism Outcome Pathway interactions Personal Satisfaction Phase Plants Polymer Chemistry Polymers Polysaccharides Predisposition Process Property Range Rate Research Risk Route Screening procedure Side Stem cells Surface System Tissue Engineering Tissues Uridine Diphosphate Work Wound Healing Yeasts base cellulase comparative copolymer cytokine genetic manipulation genetically modified cells glucose analog glucose metabolism improved in vivo insight macrophage microbial monomer nanoscale novel novel strategies physical property professor response sugar

Acetylglucosamine Amines Anabolism Analytical Chemistry Area Bacteria Biocompatible Materials Biological Biological Process Biomedical Engineering Biopolymers Bone Marrow Bone Tissue Candida albicans Carbohydrate Chemistry Carbon Cartilage Cells Cellulases Cellulose Charge Chemicals Chemistry Chitin Chitinase Chitosan Coupled Data Devices Engineering Enzymes Family Fiber Future Genetic Gluconacetobacter xylinus Glucosamine Glucose Goals Human Hybrids Hydrolysis In Vitro Inflammation Inflammatory Response Lead Link Mechanics Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cells Metabolic Metabolic Control Metabolic Pathway Metabolism Modification Monosaccharides Muramidase Nature Nitrogen Organism Outcome Pathway interactions Personal Satisfaction Phase Plants Polymer Chemistry Polymers Polysaccharides Predisposition Process Property Range Rate Research Risk Route Screening procedure Side Stem cells Surface System Tissue Engineering Tissues Uridine Diphosphate Work Wound Healing Yeasts base cellulase comparative copolymer cytokine genetic manipulation genetically modified cells glucose analog glucose metabolism improved in vivo insight macrophage microbial monomer nanoscale novel novel strategies physical property professor response sugar

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项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed R21 is to metabolically engineer a bacterial system for modified cellulose biosynthesis and establish a novel route to new families of novel polysaccharide biomaterials. Specific targets in the proposal will be the direct formation of novel copolymers of glucose-glucosamine and glucose- N-acetylglucosamine, formed with control of chemical composition achieved via genetic modifications of the host bacterial system. To achieve this goal, genetic components involved in nitrogen sugar metabolism from the yeast, Candida albicans, will be transformed into Acetobacter xylinum, the cellulose producing system. The metabolic control of nitrogen sugar incorporation in the process of cellulose biosynthesis will be the goal in Aim #1. In Aim #2, the structural features of these new hybrid biomaterial membranes based on cellulose but modified with nitrogen sugars will be determined, including mechanical properties, enzymatic susceptibility and cellular responses. Overall, this is a highly novel biomaterial formation system in which biosynthesis, polymer assembly and processing into devices (membrane mats) are directly linked, to facilitate ease of device formation from these new families of polysaccharide based systems. In addition, the ability to control chemical composition of cellulose-like biomaterial systems overcomes longstanding problems associated with cellulose due to challenges in processing plant-derived cellulose and the lack of in vivo degradability of this polymer. The novel approach to biopolymer synthesis and materials formation outlined in the planned studies will serve as a starting point for future studies in vivo with these new copolymer systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的R21的目的是代谢设计一种细菌系统，用于修饰纤维素生物合成，并为新的多糖生物材料的新家族建立新的途径。该提案中的特定靶标将是葡萄糖 - 葡萄糖和葡萄糖N-乙酰葡萄糖的新型共聚物的直接形成，该共聚物是通过控制通过宿主细菌系统的遗传修饰而获得的化学成分形成的。为了实现这一目标，酵母中涉及氮糖代谢，白色念珠菌的遗传成分将转变为纤维素产生系统的乙酰杆菌。在纤维素生物合成过程中，氮糖掺入的代谢控制将是目标＃1的目标。在AIM＃2中，将确定基于纤维素的这些新混合生物材料膜的结构特征，但将用氮糖修饰，包括机械性能，酶促敏感性和细胞反应。总体而言，这是一个高度新颖的生物材料形成系统，在该系统中，生物合成，聚合物组装和加工到设备（膜垫）直接连接，以促进这些基于多糖的新型系统的设备易于形成。此外，控制纤维素样生物材料系统的化学组成的能力克服了由于处理植物衍生的纤维素的挑战而与纤维素相关的长期问题，并且该聚合物缺乏体内降解性。计划研究中概述的生物聚合物合成和材料形成的新型方法将成为使用这些新共聚物系统在体内研究的起点。