The Role of Areas V1 and V2 in Target Selection

V1 和 V2 区在目标选择中的作用

• 批准号: 6771407
• 负责人: Peter H Schiller
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6771407
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; behavior test; biofeedback; electrostimulus; gamma aminobutyrate; neurotransmitter agonist; neurotransmitter antagonist; saccades; superior colliculus; visual cortex; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revised application that has taken into account the comments of the referees who have evaluated the initial submission of the grant. In a separate section, a point-by-point response is made to the criticisms. The Preliminary Studies section has been expanded to include a series of pilot experiments we had carried out the past six months that deal with the central criticisms advanced by the referees and provide evidence that the projects proposed are feasible and are likely to lead to significant new understanding of the role areas V1 and V2 play in target selection with visually guided eye movements. This grant application replaces EY00676 entitled Parallel information processing in the visual system that we decided not to renew because the work under that grant has been largely completed and because the new discoveries we had made dictate a shift in our effort. The aim of the proposed research is to determine what role areas V1 and V2 of the primate play in the selection of visual targets with saccadic eye movements. Rhesus monkeys will be trained on a variety of behavioral tasks to enable us to study their visual capacities and their ability to select visual targets with saccadic eye movements. Single-cell recordings, microstimulation, and the application of GABAergic neurotransmitter agonists and antagonists will be used to assess how areas V1 and V2 interact and how they contribute to the generation of saccadic eye movements to visual targets. The proposal is based on a recent set of findings from our laboratory that has established that these two areas are centrally involved in target selection with visually guided saccadic eye movements. The work has shown that electrical stimulation of the infragranular layers of V1 and V2 enhances the generation of saccadic eye movements to visual targets at very low current levels whereas stimulation of the supragranular layers interferes with target selection. In addition to clarifying the role of V1 and V2 in the generation of visually guided saccadic eye movements, the proposed research should have significant bearing on microstimulation prosthetics for the visually disadvantaged as it will specify the effects of microstimulation of different layers of the visual cortex and what roles various neurotransmitters play in the process.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一个修订的申请，已考虑到评估了赠款初始提交的裁判的评论。在另一部分中，对批评做出了逐点的回应。初步研究部分已扩展到包括我们在过去六个月中进行的一系列试点实验，该实验涉及裁判提出的中心批评，并提供了证据表明，提出的项目是可行的，并且很可能导致对目标选择中的角色区域V1和V2在目标选择中发挥作用的新了解。该赠款申请取代了EY00676，标题为“视觉系统中的并行信息处理”，我们决定不续订，因为该赠款下的工作已在很大程度上完成，并且因为我们所做的新发现决定了我们的努力转变。 拟议的研究的目的是确定灵长类动物运动的角色区域V1和V2在选择带有眼球运动的视觉目标中。恒河猴将接受各种行为任务的训练，以使我们能够研究其视觉能力及其具有刺激性眼动的视觉目标的能力。单细胞记录，微刺激以及GABA能神经递质激动剂和拮抗剂的应用将用于评估V1和V2区域如何相互作用，以及它们如何促进与视觉目标产生Saccadic眼球运动。该提案是基于我们实验室最近的一系列发现，该发现确定这两个领域与视觉引导性的Saccadic眼球运动集中参与目标选择。这项工作表明，对V1和V2的近层层的电刺激增强了在非常低的电流水平下的saccadic眼球运动到视觉靶标，而刺激刺激上层层会干扰目标选择。除了阐明V1和V2在视觉引导的saccadic眼动运动中的作用外，该提议的研究还应对在视觉上处于弱势群体的微刺激假体具有显着性影响，因为它将指示视觉皮质不同层的微刺激效果，以及在各种神经升压器中扮演什么突变的过程。