Variability and Specificity in Reactive Stabilization Movements to Diverse Slip Perturbations

各种滑移扰动的反应稳定运动的可变性和特异性

基本信息

批准号：
10708798
负责人：
Nathaniel H Hunt
金额：
$ 15.96万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA OMAHA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary To maintain mobility as we age we must navigate a complex environment that challenges us with a range of disturbances. Unfortunately, older adults are often unsuccessful in resisting these disturbances, and fall. Falls are the greatest source of injury, and for older adults, the greatest source of injury-related death. Approximately a quarter of falls happen following slips. Recent research on slips has shown that use of perturbation training to improve specific motor skills to resist slips can vastly reduce falls. However, these interventions have only addressed slips occurring at heel-strike, and not the diverse range of slipping disturbances presented by a complex environment. This project will focus on slips that occur across the gait cycle, and the reactive stabilization movements that follow. Slips at different phases of the gait cycle have unique biomechanical contexts, and successful reactive stabilization movements are likely to be highly specific to that context. Yet nothing is known about the specificity of the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements to resist different slip conditions. Furthermore, variability in the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements is likely to affect the success/failure rate of resisting these disturbances. Thus, the objective of the proposed project is to determine the roles of variability and specificity in reactive stabilization movements to resist falling in diverse slipping conditions. A novel wearable apparatus for slip perturbations will deliver lifelike, unexpected slips in early, middle and late stance in younger and older adults. Biomechanical analysis based on three- dimensional motion capture data of the reactive stabilization movements will generate novel results on the specificity and variability of protective stepping and arm swinging responses. The central hypothesis is that increases in specificity and decreases in variability of reactive stabilization movements will reduce fall rates. The first specific aim is to quantify variability and specificity of reactive responses to diverse slip perturbations and determine their relationships to fall rates. The second specific aim is to determine how repeated exposure to diverse slip perturbations affects reactive responses, and whether it relates to gait variability. The long-term objective of this research is to support future studies into the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements across the full range of disturbances faced in navigating a complex environment, and to inform future interventions that target a comprehensive resistance to falls as we age.

项目摘要要随着年龄的增长，要保持流动能力，我们必须驾驶一个挑战我们的复杂环境有一系列干扰。不幸的是，老年人通常无法抵抗这些干扰，跌倒。瀑布是最大的伤害来源，对于老年人来说，最大的与伤害有关的死亡来源。滑倒后大约四分之一的跌倒。对滑移的最新研究表明，使用扰动训练来改善特定电机抵抗滑移的技能可以大大减少跌倒。但是，这些干预措施仅解决脚后跟发生的滑动，而不是由复杂的环境。该项目将重点放在整个步态周期中发生的单据以及反应性稳定随后的动作。步态周期的不同阶段的滑动具有独特的生物力学环境和成功的反应性稳定运动可能是高度特定的语境。然而，关于反应性稳定曲目的特异性一无所知动作以抵抗不同的滑动条件。此外，反应性的曲目变异性稳定运动可能会影响抵抗这些的成功/失败率干扰。因此，拟议项目的目的是确定可变性的作用和反应性稳定运动的特异性，以抵抗在各种滑动条件下掉落的。一种新颖的可穿戴设备用于滑动扰动，将在早期提供栩栩如生的意外滑动，年轻和老年人的中间和晚姿势。基于三个的生物力学分析反应性稳定运动的维数运动捕获数据将产生新颖结果关于保护性步进和手臂摆动反应的特异性和变异性。这中心假设是，特异性的提高和反应性变异性降低稳定运动将降低跌倒率。第一个具体目的是量化可变性和反应性响应对各种滑动扰动的特异性，并确定其与跌倒率。第二个特定目的是确定如何反复暴露于多种滑移扰动会影响反应性响应，以及它是否与步态变异性有关。长期这项研究的目的是支持对反应性稳定曲目的未来研究在复杂的环境中，跨越各种骚乱的动作，并告知未来的干预措施，这些干预措施以我们的年龄为目标。