Variability and Specificity in Reactive Stabilization Movements to Diverse Slip Perturbations

各种滑移扰动的反应稳定运动的可变性和特异性

基本信息

批准号：
10708798
负责人：
Nathaniel H Hunt
金额：
$ 15.96万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA OMAHA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project Summary To maintain mobility as we age we must navigate a complex environment that challenges us with a range of disturbances. Unfortunately, older adults are often unsuccessful in resisting these disturbances, and fall. Falls are the greatest source of injury, and for older adults, the greatest source of injury-related death. Approximately a quarter of falls happen following slips. Recent research on slips has shown that use of perturbation training to improve specific motor skills to resist slips can vastly reduce falls. However, these interventions have only addressed slips occurring at heel-strike, and not the diverse range of slipping disturbances presented by a complex environment. This project will focus on slips that occur across the gait cycle, and the reactive stabilization movements that follow. Slips at different phases of the gait cycle have unique biomechanical contexts, and successful reactive stabilization movements are likely to be highly specific to that context. Yet nothing is known about the specificity of the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements to resist different slip conditions. Furthermore, variability in the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements is likely to affect the success/failure rate of resisting these disturbances. Thus, the objective of the proposed project is to determine the roles of variability and specificity in reactive stabilization movements to resist falling in diverse slipping conditions. A novel wearable apparatus for slip perturbations will deliver lifelike, unexpected slips in early, middle and late stance in younger and older adults. Biomechanical analysis based on three- dimensional motion capture data of the reactive stabilization movements will generate novel results on the specificity and variability of protective stepping and arm swinging responses. The central hypothesis is that increases in specificity and decreases in variability of reactive stabilization movements will reduce fall rates. The first specific aim is to quantify variability and specificity of reactive responses to diverse slip perturbations and determine their relationships to fall rates. The second specific aim is to determine how repeated exposure to diverse slip perturbations affects reactive responses, and whether it relates to gait variability. The long-term objective of this research is to support future studies into the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements across the full range of disturbances faced in navigating a complex environment, and to inform future interventions that target a comprehensive resistance to falls as we age.

项目概要为了随着年龄的增长保持活动能力，我们必须应对挑战我们的复杂环境并伴有一系列的干扰。不幸的是，老年人往往无法成功抵抗这些干扰，而堕落。跌倒是最大的伤害来源，对于老年人来说，伤害相关死亡的最大来源。大约四分之一的跌倒发生在滑倒之后。最近对滑倒的研究表明，使用扰动训练来改善特定运动防滑技能可以大大减少跌倒的可能性。然而，这些干预措施仅解决了脚跟着地时发生的滑动，而不是由脚后跟所呈现的各种滑动干扰复杂的环境。该项目将重点关注整个步态周期中发生的滑倒以及反应性稳定随后的动作。步态周期不同阶段的滑倒具有独特的生物力学特征的背景，成功的反应性稳定运动可能是高度特定的语境。然而，我们对反应稳定的特殊性一无所知运动以抵抗不同的滑动情况。此外，反应性反应的多样性稳定运动可能会影响抵抗这些的成功/失败率干扰。因此，拟议项目的目标是确定可变性的作用以及反应稳定运动的特异性，以防止在各种滑倒条件下跌倒。一种用于滑动扰动的新型可穿戴设备将在早期提供逼真的、意想不到的滑动，年轻人和老年人的中后期立场。基于三点的生物力学分析反应稳定运动的维度运动捕捉数据将产生新颖的结果表明保护性迈步和手臂摆动反应的特异性和可变性。这中心假设是，反应性的特异性增加，变异性减少稳定运动将减少下降率。第一个具体目标是量化变异性和对各种滑移扰动的反应响应的特异性，并确定它们与下降率。第二个具体目标是确定如何重复暴露于不同的滑移扰动会影响反应反应，以及它是否与步态变异有关。长期来看这项研究的目的是支持未来对反应稳定性的研究跨越复杂环境中所面临的各种干扰的运动，并为未来针对随着年龄增长而全面抵抗跌倒的干预措施提供信息。