Craving & EtOH Intake in Alcoholics: a Test of 2 Models

渴望

• 批准号: 6725743
• 负责人: Dena Davidson
• 金额: $ 22.58万
• 依托单位: INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6725743
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; craving; cues; emotions; human subject; motivation; psychological models; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Craving is arguably the most contentious construct in addiction research. On the one hand are the testimonials of alcoholics that cravings dominate their thoughts and weaken their resolve to stay sober. On the other hand, research finds that craving is neither necessary nor sufficient to explain drinking. In 1996, the NIAAA brought together addiction experts to determine why craving is not a reliable predictor of drinking. One of the gaps in the knowledge base identified by this group was that craving has not been adequately conceptualized and studied in humans. Lack of such research is an important problem because it impedes the understanding of the nature, course, behavioral sequelae, and regulatory function of craving on alcohol consumption. The long-term goal of my research is to better understand the phenomenon of craving and its relation to drinking and relapse. The objective of this application is to examine 2 influential models of craving, the Cognitive Processing Model of Craving and Drug Use, and the Two-Affect Model of Urges and Drug Motivation, which yield different predictions regarding the association between craving and drinking. The central hypothesis of the proposed research is that the circumstances under which craving is likely to predict drinking will only be elucidated through theory-driven research and the use of paradigms that can manipulate factors known to elicit drinking, and simultaneously measure craving and drinking behavior. Three studies are proposed to investigate factors known to elicit drinking in alcoholics by using an innovative modification of conventional cue-reactivity methodology-the cue-availability paradigm. Study I will examine the effects of alcohol priming and alcohol availability on craving, affect, alcohol seeking, and drinking behavior in non treatment-seeking alcoholics. Study 2 will examine the effects of negative mood induction and alcohol availability on craving, affect, alcohol seeking, and drinking behavior in non treatment-seeking alcoholics. Study 3 will replicate and add to the findings from Study 2 by providing a test of convergent validity on drinking behaviors measured by the cue-availability paradigm to similar measures assessed by a validated taste-rating task. The effects of participating in these laboratory alcohol administration studies on subsequent ad libitum drinking will be measured as a secondary aim. The proposed research is innovative because it uses a paradigm that has the flexibility to manipulate factors known to affect alcohol seeking and drinking behaviors, simultaneously measures craving and affect, and tests two models of craving. We expect that this research will provide important new information regarding factors that moderate craving, and the association between craving and drinking in the population of interest-alcoholics. The major impact of this research will be to address a gap in the knowledge base regarding the conceptualization of craving in humans, which in turn will advance the field and inform patient care.

描述（由申请人提供）：渴望可以说是成瘾研究中最有争议的结构。一方面是酗酒者的证词，渴望占主导地位，并削弱了他们保持清醒的决心。另一方面，研究发现，渴望既不是必要的，也不足以解释饮酒。 1996年，NIAAA汇集了成瘾专家，以确定为什么渴望不是可靠的饮酒预测指标。该群体确定的知识库中的差距之一是，渴望在人类中没有得到充分概念化和研究。缺乏这样的研究是一个重要的问题，因为它阻碍了对饮酒渴望的性质，过程，行为后遗症和调节功能的理解。我的研究的长期目标是更好地了解渴望的现象及其与饮酒和复发的关系。该应用的目的是检查2种影响的渴望模型，渴望和药物使用的认知处理模型，以及冲动和药物动机的两种影响模型，这对渴望和饮酒之间的关联产生了不同的预测。拟议研究的中心假设是，渴望可能预测饮酒的情况只能通过理论驱动的研究以及可以操纵已知因素引起饮酒的因素并同时衡量渴望和饮酒行为的范式的使用来阐明饮酒的情况。提出了三项研究，以调查已知的因素，通过使用常规提示反应方法的创新修改 - 提示可利用性范式来引起酒精中毒。研究我将研究饮酒和酒精的可用性对非治疗酗酒者的渴望，情感，寻求酒精和饮酒行为的影响。研究2将研究负面情绪诱导和饮酒对渴望，饮酒和饮酒行为的影响。研究3将通过提供通过提示可利用性范式测量的饮酒行为的测试来重复研究2的发现，并将其收敛有效性测试到通过经过验证的味觉评估任务评估的类似措施中。参与这些实验室酒精管理研究对随后饮酒的影响将被视为第二目的。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它使用了具有灵活性的范式来操纵已知的因素，以影响饮酒和饮酒行为，同时测量渴望和影响，并测试两种渴望模型。我们预计这项研究将提供有关渴望中等因素的重要新信息，以及渴望与酒精饮料人群中的渴望与饮酒之间的关联。这项研究的主要影响是解决知识库中关于人类渴望概念化的差距，这反过来又将推进该领域并为患者的护理提供信息。