MINORITY BASED COMMUNITY CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PROGRAM

基于少数民族的社区临床肿瘤学计划

• 批准号: 6792953
• 负责人: PAUL O SCHWARZENBERGER
• 金额: $ 45.93万
• 依托单位: MOBILE INFIRMARY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-14 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6792953
• 关键词: African American; Native Americans; breast neoplasms; cancer prevention; caucasian American; clinical research; clinical trials; community health services; cooperative study; data management; female reproductive system neoplasm; gastrointestinal neoplasms; head /neck neoplasm; human subject; human therapy evaluation; leukemia; melanoma; neoplasm /cancer; neoplasm /cancer therapy; nervous system neoplasms; oncology; pediatric neoplasm /cancer; primary care physician; prostate neoplasms; racial /ethnic difference; respiratory neoplasm; rural area; sarcoma

The University of South Alabama (USA) has been a designated MBCCOP since the inception of the program. The grant supports the administration and data management of cancer treatment protocols, cancer control programs and cancer prevention trials at USA. In addition, it supports limited travel of faculty to national research base meetings and the cost of transporting specimens to designated laboratories as required by protocols. USA is currently involved and has membership in the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG), the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Program (NSABP), the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), the Pediatric Oncology Group (POG), the MD Anderson program (MSKCC) and The University of Rochester. We are participants in the P1-Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT) and the Study of Tamoxifen and Roloxafine (STAR) program and the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT). We plan to participate in the Prostate Prevention Trial utilizing vitamin E and selenium. Currently, over 450 living cancer patients are in active follow up. USA keeps about 185 active Investigative Review Board (IRB) approved protocols for eligible patients at any given time. Approximately ten percent of newly diagnosed cancer patients become participants of cancer treatment protocols at USA. We do not engage in any studies sponsored by pharmaceutical firms. Approximately one half of patients placed on cancer treatment protocols are minority individuals with the majority being African American. We have no difficulty in recruiting minority patients for cancer treatment protocols. However, it is difficult to recruit minority patients to cancer prevention trials and cancer control programs which involve either a procedure or a medication with potential side effects. Most minority subjects recruited to cancer prevention studies are from upper socioeconomic and educated groups. Recruitment occurs through appropriate radio, newspaper, health fairs, churches and social organizations. Population surveys at USA suggest that 'fatalism' plays an important role in delayed diagnosis and failure to use cancer preventative means. USA is the only University hospital with a 150 mile radius of Mobile Alabama in the Gulf Coast. It serves the urban population of a Gulf Coast Port City and a surrounding rural southern population of patients from South Alabama, Southern Mississippi and the panhandle of Florida. The University hospital has 840 beds with 32 beds in a designated adult oncology unit. Approximately 475 new cancer patients are seen yearly at this facility with half of them from minority populations. With increasing numbers of oncologists in the region and development of radiation treatment facilities in the community hospitals, cancer patient accrual has not increased at USA in recent years. To solve this problem it is planned to construct a USA Cancer Hospital and treatment facility largely using existent buildings, and assume responsibility for oncologic care at a community hospital. Further, we are involving former fellows and associates in Biloxi and Mobile for participation in the STAR trial.

自该计划成立以来，南阿拉巴马大学（美国）一直是指定的MBCCOP。 该赠款支持美国的癌症治疗方案，癌症控制计划和癌症预防试验的管理和数据管理。 此外，它支持教师到国家研究基础会议的有限旅行以及根据协议要求将标本运送到指定实验室的成本。美国目前参与其中，并在西南肿瘤学小组（SWOG），国家外科辅助乳房和肠道计划（NSABP），放射治疗肿瘤学小组（RTOG），小儿肿瘤学组（POG），MD Anderson计划（MSKCC）和Rochester大学。 我们是P1-胸癌预防试验（BCPT）的参与者，以及他莫昔芬和roloxafine（Star）计划和前列腺癌预防试验（PCPT）的研究。 我们计划使用维生素E和硒参加前列腺预防试验。 目前，超过450名活着的癌症患者正在积极随访。 在任何给定时间，美国将为合格患者提供约185个主动调查委员会（IRB）批准的方案。 大约十％的新诊断的癌症患者成为美国癌症治疗方案的参与者。 我们不参与制药公司赞助的任何研究。 大约一半的患者接受癌症治疗方案是少数人，其中大多数是非裔美国人。 我们在招募少数族裔患者的癌症治疗方案方面没有困难。但是，很难招募少数族裔患者参加癌症预防试验和癌症控制计划，涉及具有潜在副作用的手术或药物。招募癌症预防研究的大多数少数民族受试者来自上层社会经济和受过教育的群体。 招聘通过适当的广播，报纸，健康展览会，教堂和社会组织进行。 美国的人口调查表明，“宿命论”在延迟诊断和未能使用癌症预防手段中起着重要作用。 美国是唯一在墨西哥湾沿岸的阿拉巴马州移动式阿拉巴马州半径150英里的大学医院。 它为墨西哥湾沿岸港口城市的城市人口提供服务，以及来自阿拉巴马州南部，密西西比州南部和佛罗里达州Panhandle的周围乡村南部人口。 该大学医院有840张床，有32张床，并在一个指定的成人肿瘤科中。 每年在该设施中看到大约475名新的癌症患者，其中一半来自少数群体。 随着该地区肿瘤学家的越来越多以及社区医院的辐射治疗设施的发展，近年来，美国的癌症患者的应计额并未增加。 为了解决这个问题，计划在很大程度上使用现有建筑物建造美国癌症医院和治疗机构，并在社区医院承担肿瘤护理的责任。 此外，我们还参与了比洛克西（Biloxi）和移动活动的前研究员和同事，以参加《星际审判》。