Micro and Macro Causes of Trends in Youth Smoking

青少年吸烟趋势的微观和宏观原因

• 批准号: 6650440
• 负责人: FRED C PAMPEL
• 金额: $ 7.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-15 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6650440
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; cancer risk; culture; health behavior; health surveys; human data; interview; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; secondary schools; smoking; socioeconomics; tobacco abuse

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Cigarette smoking among youth has shown considerable fluctuation since the mid-1970s, having first fallen, then remained stable, then raised again, and most recently declined. Moreover, the trends differ strikingly across race and ethnic groups, with larger declines occurring among African-Americans and Hispanics than whites. Given the harm of smoking and the likelihood of teen smokers continuing the habit for decades to come, such trends have generated much interest. However, the research literature has done more to describe the trends than to explain them. Despite speculation about the possible role of changes in individual characteristics that promote smoking and of macro-level changes in cultural norms, social strain, media influence, and cigarette prices, tests of such claims are rare. This project proposes to extend the existing literature on youth smoking by examining both micro and macro-level determinants of changes in youth smoking. It will consider micro-level factors by examining changes in smoking and the individual-level determinants of smoking with survey data on high school seniors from 1976-2001. It will consider macro-level factors by linking the survey data to published data on aggregate determinants of smoking that are measured for the U.S. youth population as a whole. Combining the micro and macro-level data in multilevel models will then allow tests of the explanations at both levels. The goals of the project thus involve secondary analysis of data relevant to tobacco use etiology, and the impact of socioeconomic, ethnic, and cultural factors on cancer-promoting behavior. The aims further reflect a change in the principal investigator's interests to behavioral research in cancer control.

描述（由申请人提供） 自1970年代中期以来，青年吸烟的吸烟已经大大波动，然后首次跌倒，然后保持稳定，然后再次升起，最近下降了。 此外，在种族和族裔群体中，这些趋势的差异明显，非裔美国人和西班牙裔人物的下降大于白人。 鉴于吸烟的危害以及青少年吸烟者继续养成几十年的习惯，这种趋势引起了极大的兴趣。 但是，研究文献在描述趋势方面做了更多的作用，而不是解释它们。 尽管人们猜测，在文化规范，社会压力，媒体影响力和卷烟价格上促进吸烟和宏观变化的个人特征中可能作用的作用可能很少。 该项目建议通过研究青年吸烟变化的微观和宏观层面的决定因素来扩展有关青年吸烟的现有文献。 它将通过检查吸烟的变化和吸烟的个人水平决定因素来考虑微级别的因素，并从1976年至2001年间对高中生的调查数据进行检查。 它将通过将调查数据与已公布的有关吸烟总体决定因素的数据联系起来的宏观因素，这些数据是为整个美国青年人口衡量的。 在多级模型中，将微观和宏观数据组合在一起，将允许对两个级别的解释进行测试。 因此，该项目的目标涉及与烟草使用病因相关的数据的次要分析，以及社会经济，种族和文化因素对促进癌症行为的影响。 该目标进一步反映了主要研究者对癌症控制行为研究的利益的变化。