Connecting weather-related health risk and climate change projections in relation to rural health disparities

将与天气相关的健康风险和气候变化预测与农村健康差异联系起来

基本信息

批准号：
10838844
负责人：
Michelle L Bell
金额：
$ 63.06万
依托单位：
YALE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-07-24 至 2027-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10838844
关键词：
Accounting Address Administrative Supplement Affect Air Pollutants Air Pollution Architecture Area Birth Censuses Characteristics Cities Climate Communities Data Decision Aid Disparity Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Ethnic Origin Exposure disparity Exposure to Foundations Frequencies Future Government Officials Green space Health Heat Waves High temperature of physical object Hospitalization Individual Intervention Studies Link Low Income Population Maps Modeling National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Nitrogen Dioxide Outcome Ozone Parents Pathway interactions Policies Population Public Health Race Research Resolution Risk Rural Rural Population Science Seasons Socioeconomic Status Temperature Time trend Training United States National Institutes of Health Urban Population Urbanicity Virginia Weather West Virginia Work adverse birth outcomes atmospheric modeling atmospheric sciences built environment climate change climate impact climate science climate-related health community-level factor environmental health disparity environmental justice ethnic minority extreme weather fine particles greenhouse gases health disparity populations health economics health equity heat island high risk models and simulation parent grant people of color pollutant racial health disparity racial minority response rural area rural health disparities rurality scientific atmosphere socioeconomics urban area urban setting weather patterns

Accounting Address Administrative Supplement Affect Air Pollutants Air Pollution Architecture Area Birth Censuses Characteristics Cities Climate Communities Data Decision Aid Disparity Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Ethnic Origin Exposure disparity Exposure to Foundations Frequencies Future Government Officials Green space Health Heat Waves High temperature of physical object Hospitalization Individual Intervention Studies Link Low Income Population Maps Modeling National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Nitrogen Dioxide Outcome Ozone Parents Pathway interactions Policies Population Public Health Race Research Resolution Risk Rural Rural Population Science Seasons Socioeconomic Status Temperature Time trend Training United States National Institutes of Health Urban Population Urbanicity Virginia Weather West Virginia Work adverse birth outcomes atmospheric modeling atmospheric sciences built environment climate change climate impact climate science climate-related health community-level factor environmental health disparity environmental justice ethnic minority extreme weather fine particles greenhouse gases health disparity populations health economics health equity heat island high risk models and simulation parent grant people of color pollutant racial health disparity racial minority response rural area rural health disparities rurality scientific atmosphere socioeconomics urban area urban setting weather patterns

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项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The world is already 1.2 oC warmer now than in the second half of the 19th century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that we will cross a 1.5 oC increase in the coming decades. While the health impacts of climate change affect everyone, some groups are at higher risk for the associated health burden, particularly racial/ethnic minority or low income persons. This is one pathway through which climate change could exacerbate existing issues of environmental justice. The vast majority of previous studies on how weather impacts health, and these relationships under climate change, have focused on urban areas, however such impacts could differ in rural areas, which have different weather patterns, greenspace, and populations. Limited research suggests that racial health disparities may be larger in rural areas than in urban settings. The National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) and NIH recognize rural populations, and people of color in rural areas in particular, as critical health disparities populations. The parent R01 investigates how weather and air pollution affect risk of hospital admissions and adverse birth outcomes in Virginia and West Virginia, with a focus on environmental health disparities. In particular, we investigate differences in these exposures and in associated health responses by several individual- and community-level characteristics including urbanicity (e.g., different impacts for rural vs. urban populations), race/ethnicity, socio-economic position, and other factors. Heat and heat waves are impacted by climate change, with overall higher temperatures and heat waves that occur more frequently, last longer, and burn hotter. This Administrative Supplement would estimate health burdens of heat and heat waves in the future, under specific climate change scenarios, including by subpopulation (e.g., by urbanicity, race/ethnicity), thereby providing critical evidence on public health burdens from climate change. The work is transdisciplinary, combining expertise in epidemiology and atmospheric science, with state-of-the-science meteorological and climate change modeling. We would estimate health risks from heat and heat waves under a changing climate for multiple scenarios reflecting different greenhouse gas and energy emissions scenarios. These findings can aid decision-makers, from communities to government officials, on issues such as heat action plans and decisions related to the built environment (e.g., green cities to alleviate the urban heat island effect). We will generate maps of changes in exposures under climate change that will be made publicly available. Also, when we have completed analysis our estimates of heat and heat waves under climate change will be made publicly available to benefit the broader scientific community and facilitate additional studies on climate change and health. This work lays the foundation for future research on climate change and health, such as for cold and air pollution. The proposed work addresses 3 Core Pillars in NIH’s Climate Change and Health Initiative (Health Effects Research, Health Equity, Training and Capacity Building) and contributes to the 4th Pillar (Intervention Research).

项目摘要现在，世界已经比19世纪下半叶更暖了。政府间气候变化小组（IPCC）预测，我们将在未来几十年中跨越1.5 OC。尽管气候变化的健康影响会影响每个人，有些群体对相关健康的风险更高负担，尤其是种族/族裔少数民族或低收入人士。这是攀登的一条途径变革可能加剧现有的环境正义问题。以前的绝大多数研究如何天气会影响健康，在气候变化下的这些关系集中在城市地区，但是这种影响在农村地区可能有所不同，这些地区的天气模式，绿地和人口不同。有限的研究表明，农村地区的种族健康差异可能比城市环境更大。这国家少数民族健康与健康差异研究所（NIMHD）和NIH承认农村人口，以及尤其是农村地区的有色人种，作为关键的健康分布人群。家长R01调查天气和空气污染如何影响弗吉尼亚州的住院风险和不良的出生结果西弗吉尼亚州，重点是环境健康差异。特别是，我们研究了这些差异几个个人和社区级特征的暴露和相关的健康反应包括城市化（例如，对农村与城市人口的不同影响），种族/种族，社会经济位置和其他因素。热浪和热浪受到气候变化的影响，总体上更高温度和热浪发生频率更高，持续更长且燃烧更热。这个行政在特定的气候变化下场景，包括亚种群（例如，城市，种族/种族），从而提供了有关的关键证据公共卫生伯恩斯因气候变化而产生。这项工作是跨学科的，结合了流行病学专业知识和大气科学，具有最先进的气象和气候变化建模。我们会的在多种情况下，在不断变化的气候下，在变化的气候下估计健康风险不同的温室气体和能源排放场景。这些发现可以帮助决策者政府官员的社区，诸如加热行动计划和与建筑有关的决策等问题环境（例如，减轻城市热岛影响的绿色城市）。我们将生成更改的地图在气候变化下的暴露将公开可用。另外，当我们完成分析时我们将在气候变化下对热量和热浪的估计将公开可用，以使更广泛的科学界，并促进有关气候变化和健康的其他研究。这项工作奠定了未来关于气候变化和健康研究的基础，例如冷和空气污染。提议工作涉及NIH气候变化和健康计划中的3个核心支柱（健康影响研究，健康公平，培训和能力建设）并有助于第四支柱（干预研究）。