Behavioral and neurocognitive mechanisms linking peer victimization to adolescent psychopathology

将同伴受害与青少年精神病理学联系起来的行为和神经认知机制

• 批准号: 10840522
• 负责人: Alexandra Mayorca Rodman
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-13 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10840522
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Anxiety; Award; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Clinical Sciences; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Computer Models; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Detection; Development; Developmental Process; Dimensions; Disease; Dorsal; Early Intervention; Ecological momentary assessment; Emotional; Evaluation; Exposure to; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Laboratories; Left; Life; Link; Location; Longevity; Machine Learning; Mediating; Mental Depression; Modeling; Monitor; Motivation; Neurocognitive; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Phenotype; Physical activity; Physiological; Play; Process; Psychopathology; Recurrence; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Shapes; Social Behavior; Suicide; Symptoms; Techniques; Telephone; Testing; Time; Training; Victimization; Youth; behavior influence; biological adaptation to stress; career; computational neuroscience; deprivation; digital; experience; experimental study; handheld mobile device; information processing; innovation; longitudinal design; machine learning method; mobile computing; negative affect; neural; neuromechanism; novel; novel strategies; peer; peer victimization; positive emotional state; predictive modeling; prevent; prospective; psychosocial; response; reward processing; skills; social; social communication; social engagement; social exclusion; social media; social neuroscience; statistical and machine learning; suicidal; suicidal behavior; tool; two-dimensional

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Adolescence is a period of heightened vulnerability for many forms of psychopathology, particularly depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors. Disorders that emerge during this time have lasting consequences, including elevated risk of recurrence, and poor psychosocial functioning. This vulnerability comes at a time when peer victimization becomes more common and emotional and physiological responses to peer rejection are elevated, rendering victimization particularly damaging during adolescence. Despite the strong links between peer victimization and internalizing problems during adolescence, the behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear, limiting our ability to prevent the onset of victimization-related psychopathology in youth. The proposed project will test a novel conceptual model, in which it is proposed that two underlying dimensions of peer victimization, peer threat (e.g., presence of negative social experiences, like rejection) and peer deprivation (e.g., absence of positive social experiences, like ostracism) differentially shape neurocognitive processes and social behaviors that have relevance for psychopathology. Specifically, it is argued that peer threat influences neurocognitive and behavioral processes in ways that enhance threat detection and processing (Aim 1), whereas experiences of peer deprivation may contribute to blunted reward sensitivity and low social motivation (Aim 2). The project will then examine whether neurocognitive and behavioral alterations serve as mechanisms linking peer victimization with internalizing psychopathology (Aim 3). The proposed research will test this conceptual model by using a combination of experimental behavioral and fMRI tasks, as well as an intensive longitudinal design, leveraging advancements in digital phenotyping, computational neuroscience, and predictive modeling approaches. Critically, by implementing advanced statistical machine learning methods for predictive modeling, the proposed research may be able to identify patterns of real-world social behavior that are influenced by victimization and, in turn, predict the emergence of psychopathology. Identifying developmental processes that are disrupted following peer victimization and ultimately lead to psychopathology is a necessary first step in developing targeted intervention approaches. This award will also provide the candidate, who has a strong background in developmental social neuroscience and clinical science, with critical training in the implementation of digital phenotyping, computational modeling, and advanced statistical techniques to promote a successful transition to an independent research career.

项目概要/摘要 青春期是许多形式的精神病理学的高度脆弱时期，特别是抑郁症， 焦虑和自杀行为。在此期间出现的疾病会产生持久的后果，包括 复发风险增加，心理社会功能较差。此漏洞出现之际，同行 受害变得更加普遍，对同伴拒绝的情感和生理反应也随之升高， 使青少年时期的受害行为尤其具有破坏性。尽管同侪之间有着紧密的联系 青春期的受害和内化问题，其背后的行为和神经机制 这种关联仍不清楚，限制了我们预防与受害相关的精神病理学发作的能力 在青春里。拟议的项目将测试一种新颖的概念模型，其中提出了两个基础 同伴受害、同伴威胁（例如，出现负面的社会经历，如拒绝）以及 同伴剥夺（例如，缺乏积极的社会经历，如排斥）会不同程度地影响神经认知 与精神病理学相关的过程和社会行为。具体来说，有人认为，同行 威胁以增强威胁检测和处理的方式影响神经认知和行为过程 （目标 1），而同伴剥夺的经历可能会导致奖励敏感性减弱和社交能力低下 动机（目标 2）。然后，该项目将检查神经认知和行为改变是否可以作为 将同伴受害与内化精神病理学联系起来的机制（目标 3）。拟议的研究将 通过结合使用实验行为和功能磁共振成像任务以及 密集的纵向设计，利用数字表型、计算神经科学和 预测建模方法。至关重要的是，通过实施先进的统计机器学习方法 预测模型，所提出的研究也许能够识别现实世界的社会行为模式 受到受害的影响，进而预测精神病理学的出现。识别发育 同伴受害后的过程被破坏并最终导致精神病理学是必要的 制定有针对性的干预方法的第一步。该奖项还将为候选人提供 在发展社会神经科学和临床科学方面拥有深厚的背景，并接受过关键的培训 实施数字表型、计算建模和先进的统计技术，以促进 成功过渡到独立研究生涯。