The effects of flavored e-cigarette sales bans on tobacco-use behaviors among youth and adults

调味电子烟销售禁令对青少年和成年人烟草使用行为的影响

• 批准号: 10805935
• 负责人: Rachel Denlinger-Apte
• 金额: $ 23.25万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-15 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10805935
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Affect; Age; Authorization documentation; Behavior; Behavioral; Benefits and Risks; Biological Markers; Candy; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Clinical Trials; Cohort Studies; Consumption; Counseling; Data; Data Set; Devices; Electronic cigarette; Event; Frequencies; Fruit; Goals; Harm Reduction; Health Policy; Health Surveys; High School Student; Individual; Manufacturer; Menthol; Middle School Student; Natural experiment; Nature; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Participant; Pattern; Policies; Population; Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health; Public Health; Quasi-experiment; Regulation; Reporting; Research Personnel; Risk; Sales; Science Policy; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Tobacco; Tobacco use; United States Food and Drug Administration; Youth; age group; authority; cigarette smoking; combustible tobacco; design; electronic cigarette use; electronic cigarette user; electronic liquid; interest; nicotine replacement; nicotine use; prevent; skills; smoking cessation; success; tobacco flavor; tobacco products; tobacco regulation; tobacco regulatory science; tool; vaping; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY In 2022, more than 2 million middle and high school students reported current e-cigarette use. The availability of flavored e-liquids makes e-cigarettes particularly appealing to youth, with nearly 85% reporting use of flavored e-cigarettes. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has taken action to regulate flavored e- cigarettes. In 2020, the agency banned prefilled, single-use cartridges containing e-liquids in ‘non-tobacco’ flavors (e.g., fruit, candy). It later targeted flavored disposable e-cigarettes—a previously unregulated device type that quickly gained popularity among youth following the initial flavor ban. Until last April, the FDA did not have regulatory authority over synthetic nicotine (vs. tobacco-derived nicotine), which some companies used as a loophole to keep selling flavored e-cigarettes. The ‘partial’ nature of the FDA’s prior regulations enabled e- cigarette manufacturers and retailers the opportunity to circumvent flavor regulations. However, six states (MD, RI, NJ, NY, MA, UT) enacted additional flavored e-cigarette bans, which serve as natural experiments to investigate whether more restrictive flavor bans are more effective in curtailing youth e-cigarette use. Conversely, e-cigarettes may also function as potentially less harmful alternatives for adults who smoke (AWS). Recent clinical trials report greater cigarette cessation rates among participants assigned to e- cigarettes compared to nicotine replacement or counseling only, suggesting potential benefits for those interested in quitting. Since flavored e-liquids are also highly preferred by AWS, e-cigarette flavor bans aimed at reducing AYA e-cigarette use may unintentionally discourage AWS from switching to potentially less harmful products. Thus, the project will examine the public health effects of stricter flavored e-cigarette regulations, taking into account both the potential benefits and risks. Using the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Survey, we will investigate mechanisms by which statewide flavored e-cigarette bans affect e- cigarette and other tobacco product use (risks) as well as smoking cessation and reduction (benefits). We will leverage the longitudinal attribute of PATH to assess individual behavioral changes between subsequent waves. Using a quasi-experimental event study difference-in-differences estimation design, we will examine (1) changes in e-cigarette and cigarette use across age groups (12-17; 18-24 and 25+) and (2) use of e-cigarettes as a tool to quit or reduce smoking among AWS. PATH also includes a rich dataset of tobacco-related biomarkers, which we will analyze to further explore the impact of flavor bans. This study will contribute highly- relevant data on the positive and negative impact of flavored e-cigarette bans. The proposal aligns with the priorities outlined in RFA-OD-21-003 by examining the use pattern of flavored tobacco products and changes in tobacco use following bans on flavored e-cigarette sales. The study team is comprised of tobacco regulatory science and health policy researchers with the complementary expertise and skillsets needed to accomplish the goals of the proposal.

项目摘要 2022年，超过200万中学生报告了当前的电子烟使用。可用性 在调味的电子液体中，电子烟特别吸引了青年，近85％的报告使用了 调味的电子烟。食品和药物管理局（FDA）已采取行动来规范发达的电子 香烟。在2020年，该机构禁止预填充单使用墨盒，其中包含“非烟草”中的电子液体 口味（例如水果，糖果）。后来它针对风味的一次性电子烟 - 以前不受监管的设备 在最初的风味禁令之后，在青年中迅速获得流行的类型。直到去年四月，FDA才 具有对合成尼古丁的监管授权（与烟草衍生的尼古丁有关），一些公司使用 作为继续销售风味的电子烟的漏洞。 FDA先前法规的“部分”性质实现了E- 香烟制造商和零售商有机会规避风味法规。但是，六个州（MD， RI，NJ，NY，MA，UT）制定了其他调味的电子烟禁令，作为自然实验 调查更限制的风味禁令是否在减少青年电子烟的使用方面更有效。 相反，电子烟也可能是吸烟的成年人的有害替代品 （AWS）。最近的临床试验报告说，分配给电子的参与者的民用停止率更高 与仅尼古丁替代品或咨询相比，香烟对那些人的潜在利益提出了潜在的好处 对安静感兴趣。由于AWS也高度优先使用风味的电子液体，因此电子烟的风味禁令针对 减少AYA电子烟的使用时，可能无意中劝阻AWS转向潜在的危害不足 产品。这是该项目将研究更严格的电子烟法规的公共卫生影响， 考虑到潜在的收益和风险。使用烟草和人口评估 健康（路径）调查，我们将调查全州风味的电子烟禁令影响E-的机制 香烟和其他烟草产品使用（风险）以及戒烟和减少（收益）。我们将 利用路径的纵向属性评估随后的行为变化 波浪。使用准实验事件研究差异估计设计，我们将研究（1） 跨年龄组（12-17; 18-24和25+）和（2）使用电子烟的电子烟和香烟的变化 作为戒烟或减少AWS吸烟的工具。路径还包括丰富的烟草相关数据集 生物标志物，我们将分析以进一步探索风味禁令的影响。这项研究将高度贡献 有关调味电子烟禁令的正面和负面影响的相关数据。该提案与 通过检查调味烟草产品的使用模式和变化，在RFA-OD-21-003中概述了优先级 在烟草中禁止使用烟草销售。研究团队已完成烟草监管 具有完成的专业知识和技能的科学与健康政策研究人员需要完成 提案的目标。