The Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infection on Daily Stress Processes in Early Adulthood

巨细胞病毒感染对成年早期日常应激过程的影响

• 批准号: 10678088
• 负责人: Elana Gloger
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-09 至 2025-04-08
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10678088
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Behavior; Behavioral inhibition; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Collection; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Data Collection; Development; Dryness; Elderly; Emotions; Ethics; Exposure to; Failure; Feedback; Feeling; Future; Health; Healthcare; Herpesviridae; Immune System Diseases; Immune system; Immunologic Factors; Immunological Models; Impaired cognition; Individual; Inflammatory; Informal Social Control; Intelligence; Investigation; Laboratories; Life; Link; Longevity; Methodology; Modeling; Neurologic; Neurologic Dysfunctions; Neurons; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Physiological; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Preparation; Prevention; Process; Psychoneuroimmunology; Questionnaires; Reaction; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Self-control as a personality trait; Seroprevalences; Specimen; Spottings; Stress; Stressful Event; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; Visit; care burden; career; diaries; emerging adult; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; high risk; human old age (65+); immune activation; improved; mortality; negative affect; negative mood; prevent; psychologic; seropositive; stressor; undergraduate student; young adult; Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Behavior; Behavioral inhibition; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Collection; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Data Collection; Development; Dryness; Elderly; Emotions; Ethics; Exposure to; Failure; Feedback; Feeling; Future; Health; Healthcare; Herpesviridae; Immune System Diseases; Immune system; Immunologic Factors; Immunological Models; Impaired cognition; Individual; Inflammatory; Informal Social Control; Intelligence; Investigation; Laboratories; Life; Link; Longevity; Methodology; Modeling; Neurologic; Neurologic Dysfunctions; Neurons; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Physiological; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Preparation; Prevention; Process; Psychoneuroimmunology; Questionnaires; Reaction; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Self-control as a personality trait; Seroprevalences; Specimen; Spottings; Stress; Stressful Event; Testing; Thinking; Time; Training; Visit; care burden; career; diaries; emerging adult; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; high risk; human old age (65+); immune activation; improved; mortality; negative affect; negative mood; prevent; psychologic; seropositive; stressor; undergraduate student; young adult

Stress is acutely beneficial for survival but can increase risk for chronic disease development across the lifespan. Understanding the biological mechanisms that increase vulnerability to experience more stressors, or react more negatively to them, can identify who is at risk for negative health outcomes associated with stress, and assist targeted prevention and mitigation efforts aimed at improving well-being, increasing years of healthy living, and decreasing healthcare burden through aging. A positive feedback loop, called the Immunologic Model of Self-Regulatory Failure (Shields et al., 2017), provides one potential framework for studying biological and physiological vulnerabilities to daily stress: increased physiological activation leads to neurological dysfunction, which leads to subsequent self-regulatory deficits and increased experiences of future stressors, and the cycle repeats. This model suggests that increased immune activation, dysregulation, or neurological changes may increase vulnerability to stress by way of self-regulatory deficits. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), an asymptomatic, latent herpesvirus is one such immunological factor that may increase vulnerability to stress and its effects. CMV is associated with faster immune system aging and heightened systemic inflammatory biomarkers in older age but may affect health, and increase vulnerability to stress, earlier in life. Importantly, neurological regions affected by CMV coordinate higher-order psychological abilities, such as planning, inhibiting, and regulating oneself, called self-regulation. In older adults, CMV seropositivity is associated with declines in self-regulation, assessed via self-report, but this has yet to be tested in younger adults (Segerstrom et al., 2022). Further, individuals with poor self-regulation may experience more stressors (e.g., relationship problems, debt, etc.) and be more reactive to them (e.g., report a more intense, negative mood following a stressor) compared to someone with better self-regulation. Though studies on self-regulation and stress, the effects of CMV at older ages, and preliminary investigations on CMV and stress have been conducted, little is known about biological mechanisms linking CMV, self-regulation, and daily stress in younger populations who may still be able to modify or prevent CMV-related interference on daily life and future health. The proposed project aims to fill these gaps by evaluating the relationships between CMV infection, daily stress, and self- regulatory abilities. The research component of this proposal involves a single in-person laboratory visit for questionnaires and dried blood spot collection and a 14-day daily diary to test (a) how CMV is related to daily stress processes in early adulthood and (b) the mechanisms that may explain these associations. The training component of this proposal includes (1) training, collection, and analysis of biological specimen, (2) primary data collection from an undergraduate sample, (3) advanced training in statistical methodology and R programming, (4) advanced training and expertise building in psychoneuroimmunology, and (5) extensive professional development and ethics training in preparation of a competitive academic career.

压力对生存非常有益，但可以增加整个整个慢性疾病发展的风险 寿命。了解增加脆弱性的生物学机制，或者 对它们的反应更负面，可以确定谁面临与压力相关的负面健康结果的风险， 并协助有针对性的预防和缓解措施，旨在改善福祉，增长健康的岁月 通过衰老来生活和减轻医疗保健负担。正面反馈循环，称为免疫学 自我调节失败的模型（Shields等，2017），为研究生物学提供了一个潜在的框架 日常压力的生理脆弱性：生理激活增加导致神经系统 功能障碍，导致随后的自我调节性缺陷和未来压力源的经验增加， 并重复周期。该模型表明免疫激活，失调或神经系统增加 变化可能会通过自我调节性缺陷来增加压力的脆弱性。巨细胞病毒（CMV），An 无症状的潜在疱疹病毒是一种免疫因素，可能会增加压力的脆弱性 及其影响。 CMV与更快的免疫系统衰老和全身性炎症增强有关 年龄较大的生物标志物，但可能会影响健康，并增加生活的脆弱性。重要的是， 受CMV坐标影响的神经区域，例如计划，诸如计划， 抑制和调节自己，称为自我调节。在老年人中，CMV血清阳性与 通过自我报告评估的自我调节下降，但这尚未在年轻人中进行测试（Segerstrom 等，2022）。此外，自我调节不良的人可能会遇到更多的压力源（例如，关系 问题，债务等。 压力源）与自我调节更好的人相比。尽管对自我调节和压力的研究，但 CMV在老年时代的影响以及对CMV和应力的初步研究，几乎没有IS 关于与年轻人群中CMV，自我调节和每日压力联系起来的生物学机制的了解 可能仍然能够修改或防止与CMV相关的对日常生活和未来健康的干扰。提议 项目旨在通过评估CMV感染，日常压力和自我的关系来填补这些空白 监管能力。该提案的研究部分涉及一次面对面的实验室访问 问卷调查和干血点收集以及每日14天的日记测试（a）CMV与每日有关 在成年初期的压力过程和（b）可能解释这些关联的机制。培训 该建议的组成部分包括（1）生物标本的培训，收集和分析，（2）主要 来自本科样本的数据收集，（3）统计方法和R的高级培训 编程，（4）PsychOneuromumumumumonology的高级培训和专业知识，以及（5）广泛 专业发展和道德培训，以准备竞争性的学术职业。