Addressing structural racism to reduce racial disparities in youth firearm injuries

解决结构性种族主义，减少青少年枪伤的种族差异

基本信息

批准号：
10670388
负责人：
Jonathan Jay
金额：
$ 12.84万
依托单位：
BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-07-22 至 2027-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10670388
关键词：
Address Adopted Age Area Behavioral Sciences Biometry Black race Boston Cause of Death Censuses Cities Communities Community Health Computer Simulation Computers Cost Analysis Cost Measures Cost Savings Coupled Data Desegregation Development Discrimination Disparity Economics Ensure Environment Epidemiology Evidence based intervention Exhibits Firearms Future Goals Gun injury Health Health Sciences Hispanic Homicide Hospitals Individual Inequity Injury Intervention Investments Life Cycle Stages Link Maps Measures Mediating Mental Health Mentors Mentorship Modeling National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Neighborhoods Not Hispanic or Latino Outcome Measure Pathway interactions Performance Play Police Policies Population Positioning Attribute Public Health Schools Public Policy Race Racial Segregation Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resources Risk Risk Factors Schools Science Social Environment Social Sciences Strategic Planning Structural Racism Testing Training Trees United States Universities Victimization Violence Work Youth assault behavior change built environment career community engaged research cost design disparity reduction economic evaluation ethnic disparity ethnic minority experience gun violence health disparity health equity improved mid-career faculty minority children models and simulation novel outreach participatory mapping peer physical conditioning post-doctoral training prevent professor programs protective factors racial disparity racial health disparity racial minority residential segregation segregation structural determinants violence exposure violence prevention virtual experiments

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Dr. Jay’s long-term career goal is to become a leading independent investigator whose research contributes to the elimination of racial/ethnic disparities in firearm violence, with a focus on city-dwelling youth. Most firearm violence occurs in cities, where Black youth are 20 times more likely, and Hispanic youth are 4.4 times more likely, to be fatally shot than non-Hispanic White youth at ages 18-24. The overarching goal of Dr. Jay’s research project is to identify optimal strategies for reducing racial/ethnic disparities in youth firearm injuries in cities. Specifically, this K01 tests whether disparities in youth firearm injuries can be reduced by bolstering individual-level programs with two related interventions: (a) Desegregation policies, i.e., changing public policy to decrease racial segregation across neighborhoods, and (b) Physical investments, i.e., improving the built environment in disinvested areas. Dr. Jay will assess disinvestment as a pathway linking segregation with youth firearm injury disparities (Aim 1); conduct participatory mapping with racial/ethnic minority youth in Boston, MA to identify novel targets for physical investments (Aim 2); and test possible intervention strategies in a computer-simulated environment to determine which strategies produce the greatest reductions in youth firearm injury disparities, within realistic budgetary constraints (Aim 3). The proposed research builds upon Dr. Jay’s prior research on place-based interventions for violence prevention and his postdoctoral training in youth firearm injury and computational epidemiology. He will pursue the following K01 training goals to prepare him for the proposed research and for his career goals: (1) Structural racism and discrimination as drivers of health disparities; (2) Community-engaged research; (3) Computer simulation modeling; and (4) Economic evaluation. Dr. Jay has assembled a mentorship team led by his primary mentor, Dr. Emily Rothman, Professor of Community Health Sciences at Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH). Co-mentors include Dr. David Williams, the Chair of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH); Dr. Melissa Tracy, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at SUNY-Albany; Dr. Ankur Pandya, Associate Professor of Health Decision Science at HSPH. Advisors are Dr. Sandro Galea, the Dean and Robert A. Knox Professor at BUSPH and Dr. Charles Branas, the Chair of Epidemiology at the Columbia Mailman School of Public Health. The resources available at BUSPH, coupled with the expertise of Dr. Jay’s mentorship team, will ensure Dr. Jay’s successful completion of the research and training aims and his development as an independent investigator.

项目摘要杰伊博士的长期职业目标是成为领先的独立研究者，其研究有助于消除枪支暴力中的种族/种族差异，重点是城市居民青年。大多数枪支暴力发生在城市，黑人青年的可能性高20倍，而西班牙裔青年则是4.4倍可能比18-24岁的非西班牙裔白人青年被枪杀。杰伊博士的总体目标研究项目旨在确定减少青年枪支伤害种族/种族差异的最佳策略城市。具体而言，该K01测试是否可以通过加强来减少青年枪支伤害的分配具有两种相关干预措施的个人级别计划：（a）种族隔离政策，即改变公共政策减少跨社区的种族隔离，以及（b）物理投资，即改善建筑被撤销区域的环境。杰伊博士将评估撤资作为将隔离联系起来的途径青年枪支伤害分配（AIM 1）；与种族/少数民族青年一起进行参与地图马萨诸塞州波士顿，以确定身体投资的新目标（AIM 2）；并测试可能的干预策略在计算机模拟的环境中，确定哪些策略会导致青年减少在现实的预算限制内（AIM 3），枪支伤害差异。拟议的研究基于杰伊博士先前对基于地点的暴力干预措施的研究预防及其在青年枪支损伤和计算流行病学方面的博士后培训。他会追求以下K01培训目标为他准备拟议的研究和他的职业目标：（1）结构性种族主义和歧视作为健康差异的驱动力；（2）社区参与研究；（3）计算机仿真建模；（4）经济评估。杰伊博士召集了由他的主要导师艾米莉·罗斯曼（Emily Rothman）博士，波士顿大学学校社区健康科学教授公共卫生（BUSPH）。联合官员包括社会和行为科学主席戴维·威廉姆斯博士在哈佛T.H.陈公共卫生学院（HSPH）； Melissa Tracy博士，副教授纽约州立大学的流行病学和生物统计学；卫生决策副教授Ankur Pandya博士 HSPH的科学。顾问是Busph的Dean和Robert A. Knox教授Sandro Galea博士和Dr. 哥伦比亚邮政公共卫生学院流行病学主席查尔斯·布拉纳斯（Charles Branas）。资源可在Busph提供，再加上Jay博士的Mentalship Team的专业知识，将确保Jay博士的成功完成研究和培训的目的及其作为独立研究者的发展。