High-intensity and Sensation Seeking Associations with Episodic Simulation Efficacy and Brain Response

高强度和感觉寻求与情景模拟功效和大脑反应的关联

• 批准号: 10670821
• 负责人: Brandon Oberlin
• 金额: $ 22.78万
• 依托单位: INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10670821
• 关键词: Address; Affective; Aftercare; Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker; Arousal; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Clinic; Clinical; Cues; Data; Decision Making; Disease remission; Drug usage; Effectiveness; Elements; Emotional; Esthesia; Event; Extroversion; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Future; Goals; Image; Imagery; Impairment; Impulsivity; Intervention; Intuition; Knowledge; Lateral; Life Style; Measures; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nucleus Accumbens; Outcome; Parietal; Participant; Patients; Personality Traits; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Procedures; Recovery; Resistance; Rest; Rewards; Self Efficacy; Sensory; Severities; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Stress; System; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Time; Trauma; Treatment Efficacy; Visual; Visualization; Work; Youth; addiction; alcohol reward; alcohol use disorder; behavior test; comparison control; density; discounting; disorder risk; drug/alcohol abstinence; early alcohol use; effective intervention; effectiveness testing; efficacy testing; endophenotype; experience; improved; insight; neurotransmission; new therapeutic target; novel; novel strategies; novel therapeutic intervention; optimism; predict responsiveness; predictive marker; preference; prospective; psychologic; relapse patients; resilience; response; simulation; success; sustained recovery; tailored messaging; trait; treatment responders

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT We propose testing the ability of high-intensity future image cues to enhance future orientation, delayed reward preference, recovery self-efficacy, and elicit brain responses in persons in early recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Impaired future orientation and delay-of-reward appear to be a behavioral endophenotype for AUD and other addictions. AUD also corresponds with increased sensation seeking (SS); that is, the need for stimuli that elicit arousal and are high in intensity, emotional salience, and novelty. With recovery attempts failing more often than succeeding within 6 months of treatment, there is considerable room for improved efficacy. Converging evidence indicates that impaired future visualization and planning is a hallmark of AUD, reflected experimentally as a greater devaluation of delayed rewards. By focusing attention on the exciting aspects of a personalized future, we will reorient decision-making to delayed outcomes and future prosocial rewards. Extending prior promising work on episodic future thinking, we will optimize the power of future cues by presenting personally relevant high-intensity cues. Our preliminary data strongly supports the power of a high-intensity intervention for shifting preference toward future outcomes. Further, the SS trait predicts responsiveness to high-intensity interventions and success in abstinence from alcohol/drugs. Episodic future thinking manipulations typically comprise references to anticipated events being presented during behavioral testing—often with sensory elaboration preceding the test. Here, we will explicitly test the efficacy of visual cues representing high-intensity future events, compared to control cues invoking low-intensity future events in a parallel trial. All cues will be elaborated with sensory elements, and presented during delay-of-reward decision-making to directly test their effects on temporal decision-making behavior. Aim 1 will test the effectiveness of high-intensity cues for increasing future reward preference, the association of the SS trait with recovery self-efficacy, and correlations of SS trait with the capacity for increased future reward preference. Aim 2 will demonstrate brain target engagement by showing greater midline and lateral default mode network involvement during delayed reward choice. To determine brain activation during an actual SS choice, we will test for reward activation in a novel behavioral SS task using odorant stimuli in real-time. We will additionally assess if functional connectivity between prospective and reward regions relates to behavioral SS. Brain activation will provide a neural signal that could be used as a predictive marker for treatment responders. We will also perform exploratory tests of the effects of SS and other impulsivity measures for moderation of episodic future thinking effects on temporal decision-making. Our major goals are to discover whether intensity is an ‘active ingredient’ for the episodic future thinking intervention, and how intensity effects can be leveraged to enhance positive outcomes in early AUD recovery. The potential impact of this knowledge is large, considering how it could inform interventions in the clinic for better outcomes.

项目摘要 /摘要 我们建议测试高强度未来图像提示提高未来取向，延迟奖励的能力 偏爱，恢复自我效能和引起人类早期恢复饮酒的人的大脑反应 障碍（AUD）。未来的定向和延迟奖励外观受损，是行为内表型 AUD和其他添加。 AUD还与增加的感觉（SS）相对应；也就是说，需要 引起唤醒并且强度，情感显着性和新颖性的刺激。随着恢复尝试 在治疗后6个月内，失败的频率比成功的频率更高，有很大的改进空间 功效。融合的证据表明，未来的可视化和计划受损是AUD的标志， 在实验中反映为延迟奖励的更大定义。通过将注意力集中在令人兴奋的 个性化未来的各个方面，我们将重新确定决策，以延迟结果和未来的亲社会 奖励。在有希望的情节未来思维的有希望的工作之前延长，我们将优化未来提示的力量 通过介绍个人相关的高强度提示。我们的初步数据强烈支持 高强度干预措施将偏好转向未来的结果。此外，SS特征预测 对高强度干预措施的反应和酒精/药物禁欲的成功。情节的未来 思维操作通常包括在行为期间提出的预期事件的引用 测试 - 通常在测试前的感觉详细说明。在这里，我们将明确测试视觉的效率 与对照提示相比，代表高强度未来事件的提示，与调用低强度的未来事件相比 平行试验。所有提示都将用感官元素详细说明，并在拖延期间呈现 决策以直接测试其对临时决策行为的影响。 AIM 1将测试 高强度提示提高未来奖励偏好的有效性，SS特征与 恢复自我效能感以及SS特征与提高未来奖励偏好的能力的相关性。目的 2将通过显示更大的中线和横向默认模式网络来证明大脑目标参与 在延迟奖励选择中参与。为了确定实际SS选择期间的大脑激活，我们将 使用气味刺激实时测试新型行为SS任务中的奖励激活。我们还将 评估前瞻性和奖励区域之间与行为SS相关的功能连通性。脑 激活将提供一个神经信号，可以用作治疗响应者的预测标记。我们 还将对SS和其他冲动性测量的影响进行探索性测试 情节的未来思维对临时决策的影响。我们的主要目标是发现强度是否 对于情节的未来思维干预措施以及如何利用强度效应，是一种“积极的征服” 提高早期恢复的积极结果。这些知识的潜在影响很大， 考虑到如何为诊所的干预提供信息，以取得更好的结果。