Bilingual Exposure Following Preterm Birth: Toddler Language Outcomes and Cumulative Risk Factors

早产后的双语接触：幼儿语言结果和累积风险因素

• 批准号: 10667768
• 负责人: Kelly A Vaughn
• 金额: $ 44.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10667768
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Adult Children; Affect; Age; Bayesian Analysis; Bayesian Method; Benefits and Risks; Birth; Brain; Child; Child Language; Childhood; Cities; Clinic; Cochlear Implants; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Down Syndrome; Economics; Education; Environment; Exclusion; Exposure to; Family; Gestational Age; Growth; Health; Hispanic; Home; Home visitation; Infant; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Language Disorders; Latino; Lead; Left; Length; Measures; Medical center; Mission; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neurologic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neuropsychology; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Participant; Populations at Risk; Poverty; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; Public Health; Quality Control; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Services; Socioeconomic Status; Speech; Standardization; Students; Testing; Texas; Time; Toddler; Video Recording; Vocabulary; autism spectrum disorder; bilingualism; cognitive benefits; cost; experience; extreme prematurity; innovation; language outcome; neurodevelopment; premature; prenatal; primary caregiver; recruit; skills; social culture; specific language impairment

The number of children in the U.S. who are exposed to both English and Spanish is on the rise. Bilingual expo- sure can provide sociocultural, economic, and/or cognitive benefits, and a growing body of research suggests that bilingual exposure does not negatively impact language skills, even for children at-risk for language difficul- ties. Previous research on a population of at-risk children, children born very preterm (VPT), has either excluded bilingual participants or has inadequately assessed their language skills. This has led to concerns among par- ents, clinicians, and researchers about the language development of bilingual VPT toddlers. In order to ade- quately assess the language skills of bilingual VPT toddlers, the proposed research will use language measures that assess total vocabulary across the two languages, focus on general language abilities, and were developed for bilingual children. Language skills will be considered in the context of other environmental and neurological factors, such as the quality and quantity of language exposure and neuroplasticity. The central hypothesis of the current study is that neuroplasticity allows the brain to adapt to a bilingual environment, and when controlling for quality and quantity of language exposure, bilingual exposure does not negatively impact language development following preterm birth. Data for this project will be collected from Spanish-English bilingual toddlers (n = 60) and monolingual (n = 60) toddlers born VPT (<32wks gestation) and their primary caregivers when the toddlers are 24-months-old (adjusted for prematurity) and again three and six months later. Families will be recruited from local pediatric clinics in the Texas Medical Center. Participation will take place in the toddler’s home at each timepoint and will include parent questionnaires, a video recording of a parent-child interaction, and a researcher- led standardized language assessment. We will compare bilingual and monolingual VPT toddlers on child lan- guage outcomes (Aim 1) and the relationship between child language outcomes and cumulative risk factors (i.e., quality and quantity of language exposure and neurodevelopmental factors; Aim 2). We hypothesize that when language abilities of bilingual and monolingual VPT children are measured appropriately, bilingual VPT children will be comparable to monolingual VPT children in their language abilities. We also hypothesize that risk factors for language difficulties will be similar for bilinguals and monolinguals. If our results support these hypotheses, parents and clinicians can rest assured that bilingual exposure is not detrimental to language development fol- lowing VPT birth. If our results do not support these hypotheses, we will identify specific differences in language development and risk factors for bilingual compared to monolingual VPT toddlers. The proposed research is innovative because it considers the unique development of bilingual VPT children and because it uses a Bayes- ian analysis approach to consider the strength of evidence that bilingual and monolingual language development is similar. This research will have a positive impact by providing the knowledge parents and clinicians require to evaluate the risks and benefits of bilingual exposure for VPT toddlers.

在美国接触英语和西班牙语的儿童人数正在增加。双语博览会 - 当然可以提供社会文化，经济和/或认知益处，并且越来越多的研究表明 这种双语暴露不会对语言技能产生负面影响，即使对于儿童在危险中，语言困难 - 关系。先前对处于危险儿童的人口的研究，出生的儿童（VPT）已排除在外 双语参与者或不充分评估他们的语言技能。这导致了Pars的关注 关于双语VPT幼儿的语言发展的Ent，临床医生和研究人员。为了 裁员评估双语VPT幼儿的语言技能，拟议的研究将使用语言测量 评估两种语言的总词汇，专注于一般语言能力，并被开发 对于双语孩子。语言技能将在其他环境和神经学的背景下考虑 因素，例如语言暴露和神经塑性的质量和数量。中心假设 当前的研究是，神经可塑性使大脑适应双语环境，并且在控制时 语言暴露的质量和数量，双语暴露不会对语言发展产生负面影响 早产后。该项目的数据将从西班牙语 - 英语双语幼儿（n = 60）和 单语（n = 60）幼儿出生的VPT（<32wks妊娠）及其主要护理人员 24个月大（适应早产），然后在三个月后又六个月。家庭将从 德克萨斯医疗中心的当地儿科诊所。参与将在每个小孩的家中举行 时间点，将包括家长问卷，亲子互动的视频录制以及研究人员 - LED标准语言评估。我们将在儿童lan- 指示结果（AIM 1）以及儿童语言结果与累积风险因素之间的关系（即 语言暴露和神经发育因素的质量和数量；目标2）。我们假设当 双语和单语VPT儿童的语言能力适当地测量双语VPT儿童 具有语言能力的单语VPT儿童将可媲美。我们还假设风险因素 对于语言而言，双语者和单语言的困难将相似。如果我们的结果支持这些假设， 父母和临床医生可以休息假设双语暴露并不损害语言发展 - 降低VPT诞生。如果我们的结果不支持这些假设，我们将确定语言的具体差异 与单语的VPT幼儿相比，双语的发展和风险因素。拟议的研究是 创新性是因为它考虑了双语VPT儿童的独特发展，并且因为它使用了贝叶斯 - IAN分析方法是考虑双语和单语言发展的证据的力量 相似。这项研究将通过提供父母和临床医生要求的知识来产生积极的影响 评估双语暴露对VPT幼儿的风险和益处。