Neurodevelopmental Pathways in Adolescent Health Risk Behavior

青少年健康风险行为的神经发育途径

• 批准号: 8696177
• 负责人: DANIEL P KEATING
• 金额: $ 80.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8696177
• 关键词: 17 year old; Accidental Injury; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Age; Age of Onset; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Arousal; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; Data Collection; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Electroencephalogram; Esthesia; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Health; Homicide; Image; Individual Differences; Injury; Judgment; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Morbidity - disease rate; Neural Pathways; Neurocognitive; Online Systems; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Policies; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Positioning Attribute; Preventive Intervention; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk-Taking; Sampling; Schools; Scientist; Sex Behavior; Source; Stimulus; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Vehicle crash; age difference; age group; base; cognitive control; cohort; computerized; cost; design; early adolescence; emerging adult; executive function; improved; interest; mortality; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; population health; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; reward processing; sound; statistics; suicidal morbidity

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Limbic-based "bottom-up" systems characterized by heightened reactivity to motivational stimuli and rewards mature rapidly from early adolescence, while prefrontally-organized "top- down" systems that enable more effective cognitive control and judgment mature more slowly (Casey & Jones, 2010). This mismatch has been proposed as a key contributor to health risk behavior among adolescents, which is of critical importance because: (1) risk behaviors are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this age group, including diseases arising from unprotected sexual activity and casualties arising from reckless behavior (including driving fatalities and serious injuries); (2) it is the peak age for the onset f a wide range of risk behavior patterns with potential long-term consequences, including substance use and abuse, and delinquency. The developmental maturity mismatch hypothesis, however, has not been directly tested in relation to risk behavior at a level sufficient to inform this critcal health area (Pfeifer & Allen, 2012). The primary aim of the proposed research is to understand the behavioral, cognitive, and neural bases of risk taking, through integrated analyses of age differences, developmental trajectories, and individual differences in psychosocial, neurocognitive and neural imaging assessments.

描述（由申请人提供）：基于边缘系统的“自下而上”系统，其特征是对动机刺激和奖励的反应性增强，从青春期早期开始迅速成熟，而前额组织的“自上而下”系统则能够实现更有效的认知控制和判断成熟更慢（Casey & Jones，2010）。这种不匹配被认为是青少年健康风险行为的一个关键因素，这一点至关重要，因为：(1) 风险行为是该年龄段发病和死亡的主要原因，包括因无保护的性活动和伤亡引起的疾病因鲁莽行为（包括驾驶死亡和严重受伤）引起的； (2) 这是各种危险行为模式出现的高峰年龄，这些行为模式具有潜在的长期后果，包括药物使用和滥用以及犯罪。然而，发育成熟度不匹配假说尚未在足以告知这一关键健康领域的风险行为方面进行直接测试（Pfeifer & Allen，2012）。本研究的主要目的是通过对年龄差异、发展轨迹以及心理社会、神经认知和神经影像评估中的个体差异的综合分析，了解冒险的行为、认知和神经基础。