Bilingual discourse comprehension: How is text integration affected by overlap in language?

双语话语理解：语言重叠如何影响文本整合？

• 批准号: 10629501
• 负责人: Ana I Schwartz
• 金额: $ 15.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-13 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10629501
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Adult; Affect; Analysis of Covariance; Area; Basic Science; Characteristics; Cognitive; Comprehension; Degree Completion; Disparity; Education; Educational Models; Eye Movements; Goals; Hispanic; Influentials; Language; Latino; Linguistics; Modeling; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Performance; Population; Process; Reader; Reading; Reporting; Research; Retrieval; Science; Students; Testing; Text; Update; Work; Writing; base; bilingualism; cohort; college; efficacy evaluation; experience; follow-up; health care quality; implicit memory; improved; literacy; memory process; reading ability; response; skills; texting support; theories; university student; virtual

Adults who have completed less education live shorter and less healthy lives. All indicators are that this disparity is growing. Educational outcomes are closely tied to literacy and reading skill. In order to improve educational outcomes for all students we need a research base that reflects the population. This is currently not the case. Still today most research on reading is based on English-speaking monolinguals. Yet, we know from recent research that reading for bilinguals is fundamentally different from monolinguals. Therefore, theories based on monolingual speakers cannot be applied across the gamut of language experience and linguistic diversity. The long- term objective of this line of research is to test and extend current theories of reading so that they address the unique cognitive characteristics of bilingual readers. The short-term goal of this proposal is to test and extend a specific, influential model of discourse comprehension, the landscape model, to bilingual readers. According to the model readers integrate information across text through two types of retrieval: cohort-based retrieval and coherence-based retrieval. Cohort-based retrieval is an implicit memory process, based on an automatic spread of activation. Depending on a reader’s goals for comprehension, they may engage in more effortful, coherence-based retrieval. This form of retrieval is controlled, deliberate and engaged when a discrepancy is detected. Through this form of retrieval a reader seeks to establish global coherence, seeking a way to integrate incoming information with an on-going representation of the text as a whole. The specific aims of this proposal are to examine how the strength of cohort-activation (Specific Aim 1) and coherence-based retrieval (Specific Aim 2) are affected by the (1) match in language across texts, (2) genre of text and (3) cross-language reading experience for bilinguals. The overall approach to achieving these aims will consist of presenting Spanish-English bilingual university students pairs of text passages to read while their eye-movements are recorded. Half of the passages will be narratives and half will be expository, science texts. Passages will contain some facts that are revised in the second passage, requiring the reader to update their representation of the discourse. Second passages will either be in the same or different language as the first passage. The impact of these variables on reading times for critical areas of text and responses to follow-up comprehension questions will be examined through linear mixed-effect models and ANCOVA’s. We will also include in the analyses scores that reflect participants’ experience reading in each of their languages.

成年人完成教育较少的生活较短和健康的生活。所有指标都是 这种差异正在增长。教育成果与识字和阅读技能紧密相关。 为了改善所有学生的教育成果，我们需要一个研究基础，以反映 人口。目前不是这种情况。今天，关于阅读的大多数研究还是基于 说英语的单语。但是，从最近的研究中我们知道，双语者的阅读是 基本上不同于单语言。因此，基于单语言的理论 不能在语言经验和语言多样性的范围内应用。长期 这一研究的术语目标是测试和扩展当前阅读理论，以便 他们解决了双语读者的独特认知特征。这个短期目标 建议是测试和扩展一种特定的，有影响力的话语理解模型， 风景模型，双语读者。根据模型阅读器的集成信息 通过两种类型的检索进行跨文本：基于队列的检索和基于连贯的检索。 基于队列的检索是一个隐式存储过程，基于 激活。根据读者的理解目标，他们可能会参与更多 努力，基于连贯的检索。这种检索形式受到控制，故意和参与 检测到差异时。通过这种检索形式，读者试图建立全球 连贯性，寻求一种将传入信息与持续表示 整个文字。该提案的具体目的是研究 队列激活（特定目标1）和基于相干的检索（特定目标2）受到影响 通过（1）在跨文本的语言中匹配，（2）文本类型和（3）跨语言阅读 双语的经验。实现这些目标的总体方法将包括 介绍西班牙语英语大学学生成对的文字段落，以阅读 记录他们的眼动。一半的段落将是叙述，一半将是 说明性，科学文本。段落将包含一些事实，这些事实已在第二个事实中进行修订 通过，要求读者更新其对话语的表示。第二次通过 将使用与第一段相同或不同的语言。这些的影响 有关文本关键领域的阅读时间变量和对后续理解的响应 问题将通过线性混合效应模型和ANCOVA进行检查。我们也会 在分析中包括反映参与者在每个人中阅读经验的经验 语言。