Substance Use and Partner Characteristics in Daily HIV Risk in African Americans

非裔美国人日常艾滋病毒风险中的物质使用和伴侣特征

• 批准号: 8993707
• 负责人: Kyla Day Fletcher
• 金额: $ 43.77万
• 依托单位: KALAMAZOO COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-22 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8993707
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Adult; Affect; African American; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavioral; Cellular Phone; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Communication; Communities; Consultations; Consumption; Data; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Development; Dimensions; Disclosure; Drug user; Enrollment; Ethnic group; Etiology; Foundations; Gender; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; HIV/STD; Heterosexuals; High Prevalence; Hour; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Impulsivity; Individual; Injecting drug user; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Length; Location; Manuscripts; Marijuana; Methodology; Methods; Nature; Online Systems; Participant; Partner Communications; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Preventive Intervention; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk-Taking; Role; Sampling; Sex Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Structure; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Woman; Work; Writing; aged; base; behavioral construct; college; condoms; contextual factors; design; diaries; disorder prevention; emerging adult; expectation; experience; follow-up; inclusion criteria; innovation; interest; meetings; men; men who have sex with men; prevent; psychosocial; public health relevance; public health research; racial and ethnic; recreational drug use; response; screening; sex; sexual relationship; sexual risk taking; social organization; statistics; transmission process; trend; undergraduate student

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): African American adults are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. Although much is known about HIV/AIDS, there is still a lack of comprehensive knowledge about the influence of sexual partners and substance use in the spread of HIV among heterosexual African American men and women. Certain aspects of the sexual partnership may impact consumption of substances, which in turn may reduce protective sexual behavior. The majority of research on HIV risk in African Americans has been based on samples of injection drug users and men who have sex with men. While useful, this limited scope may obscure the nature and degree of risk in other groups, such as those in partnerships involving alcohol and recreational drug use as well as partnerships in which condoms may be seldom used. It is important to track these interactions and behaviors daily, therefore the study will employ innovative experience sampling methodology (ESM). Using a community-based, non-clinical sample of 200 self-identified heterosexual African American men and women, the goal of the proposed project is to increase the scientific understanding of the episodic dimensions of sexual partners and substance use as they increase the risk of HIV transmission among African Americans. The project will also engage Kalamazoo College undergraduate students in meritorious, empirical and community-based, behavioral HIV research. The project is guided by three specific aims: Aim 1: Identify the role of sexual partner characteristics on episodic HIV risk-taking. It is expected that certain partner-level characteristics (e.g., context f partnership initiation), as well as the intentionality of these partnerships (e.g., level of commitment) will impact episodic HIV risk-taking, defined as: 1) engaging in unprotected sexual activity and 2) not inquiring about or requesting partner HIV testing. Aim 2: Assess the moderating effects of episodic substance use on the association between sexual partner characteristics and episodic HIV risk-taking. It is expected that substance use (e.g., type and amount, partner consumption) on the day of the sexual activity will increase the likelihood that intimate partner variables will predict increased episodic HIV risk. Aim 3: Explicate the constructed meaning and relevance of partner-level constructs to sexual risk-taking. It is expected that responses to a semi-structured interview will allow for elaboration and probing of responses provided during the experience sampling methodology (ESM) reporting. The specific aims described in this AREA proposal have been designed to include undergraduate students on the research team. Students working on the project will assist in collecting data from participants using mixed methods, analyzing data, and writing of manuscripts detailing findings from this study. The results will inform the development of more competent and effective targeted HIV-prevention interventions, including enhancing our understanding of the barriers to condom use and HIV testing in this group of African Americans.

 描述（由申请人提供）：非裔美国成年人受艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响尤为严重 尽管人们对艾滋病毒/艾滋病了解甚多，但仍缺乏关于性伴侣和药物滥用对艾滋病毒传播影响的全面了解。异性恋非裔美国男性和女性的性伴侣关系的某些方面可能会影响物质的消费，从而可能减少保护性性行为。大多数关于非裔美国人艾滋病毒风险的研究都是基于注射吸毒者和男性的样本。与男人发生性关系虽然有用，但有限的范围可能会掩盖其他群体的风险性质和程度，例如涉及酒精和娱乐性药物使用的伙伴关系以及可能很少使用安全套的伙伴关系，因此每天跟踪这些相互作用和行为非常重要。该研究将采用创新的经验抽样方法 (ESM)，使用 200 名自我认定的异性恋非裔美国男性和女性的基于社区的非临床样本，该项目的目标是增进对情景维度的科学理解。性伴侣和物质使用该项目还将让卡拉马祖学院的本科生参与有功绩的、基于社区的艾滋病毒行为研究。该项目以三个具体目标为指导：目标 1：确定性伴侣的作用。预计某些合作伙伴层面的特征（例如，伙伴关系启动的背景）以及这些伙伴关系的意图（例如，承诺程度）将影响所定义的偶发性艾滋病毒风险承担。目标 2：评估偶发性物质使用对性伴侣特征与偶发性 HIV 冒险之间关系的调节作用。性活动当天的物质使用（例如，类型和数量、伴侣消费）将增加亲密伴侣变量预测偶发性 HIV 风险增加的可能性。 目标 3：阐明所构建的含义和相关性。预计对半结构化访谈的答复将允许对经验抽样方法 (ESM) 报告期间提供的答复进行详细说明和探讨。旨在让研究团队中的本科生参与其中，参与该项目的学生将协助使用混合方法从参与者那里收集数据，分析数据，并撰写详细说明本研究结果的手稿。结果将为更有能力的人员的发展提供信息。有效的有针对性的艾滋病毒预防干预措施，包括提高我们对这一非裔美国人群体使用安全套和艾滋病毒检测的障碍的了解。