Predictors of Cancer-risk Behaviors among Hispanic Americans

西班牙裔美国人癌症风险行为的预测因素

• 批准号: 8911123
• 负责人: Sarah Mills
• 金额: $ 2.63万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-30 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8911123
• 关键词: Accounting; Acculturation; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Behavior; Censuses; Cities; Communities; Consumption; Custom; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic Neoplasm Staging; Diet; Discrimination; Disease; Elderly; Environment; Ethnic group; General Population; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Hispanic Americans; Hispanics; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Licensing; Life Style; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of gallbladder; Malignant neoplasm of liver; Maps; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Participant; Persons; Plant Roots; Policies; Population; Population Characteristics; Proxy; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Shapes; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Tobacco; United States; Woman; Writing; base; cancer health disparity; cancer risk; cancer type; cigarette smoking; data structure; density; design; distilled alcoholic beverage; effective intervention; food environment; fruits and vegetables; health disparity; low socioeconomic status; malignant stomach neoplasm; men; metropolitan; mortality; outcome forecast; statistics; trend

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hispanic Americans (HAs) are the fastest growing demographic group in the United States (US). Cancer health disparities exist among HAs, whereby HAs are more likely to have higher incidence and mortality statistics for certain types of cancer in comparison to non-Hispanic Whites (NCI, 2008). The goal of this project is to further understanding of the relationships among acculturation, the environment, and cancer-risk behaviors (i.e., alcohol, tobacco, and fruit/vegetable consumption) in HAs. To accomplish this, the project will examine how 1) person-level acculturation variables relate to cancer-risk behaviors, 2) neighborhood variables relate to cancer- risk behaviors, after accounting for person-level acculturation variables, and 3) neighborhood variables impact the relationship between person-level acculturation variables and cancer-risk behaviors in this population. Acculturation is critical to the understanding of health and health behaviors among HAs. Although there is a positive relationship between socio-economic status and health, and HAs are disproportionately represented among the poor, they tend to have better health compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Researchers hypothesize that HAs have more favorable health, despite generally low socio-economic status, because of positive health behaviors associated with their culture and norms. Furthermore, as HAs become more acculturated to the US, and adopt customs and behaviors of US culture, they tend to engage in more adverse health behaviors. Research has indicated that general trends exist, whereby more acculturation to the US is associated with more adverse health behaviors. However, dependent on the subject area and measures used, findings are often inconsistent. Studies have called for further exploration of the relationship between acculturation and health behaviors using latent methodologies and multidimensional measures of acculturation. Additionally, a critical aspect missing from research relating acculturation to health is an understanding of the impact of the environment. It is well known that the environment in which one lives influences health and health behavior. However, few studies have jointly examined how acculturation and the environment relate to health behaviors. For the proposed study, multi-level modeling will be used to explore correlates of cancer-risk behaviors among 436 HA adults from a metropolitan border city. A multi-level data structure contains observations at one level of analysis that are nested within observations of another level of analysis. Person-level acculturation variables will be included at the lowest leve of the model, and will be hierarchically nested within participants' neighborhood data. Neighborhoods will be defined using US census tracts. Examining how level of acculturation and the environment independently and interactively affect cancer-risk behaviors may enhance the development of effective interventions and policies to reduce cancer disparities among HAs.

 描述（由申请人提供）：西班牙裔美国人 (HA) 是美国增长最快的人口群体，HA 之间存在癌症健康差异，因此 HA 更有可能拥有较高的某些类型癌症的发病率和死亡率统计数据。与非西班牙裔白人相比（NCI，2008） 该项目的目标是进一步了解文化适应、环境和癌症风险行为（即酒精、为了实现这一目标，该项目将在考虑个人因素后，研究 1) 个人层面的文化适应变量与癌症风险行为的关系，2) 邻里变量与癌症风险行为的关系。水平文化适应变量，以及 3) 邻里变量影响该人群中个人水平文化适应变量与癌症风险行为之间的关系，尽管社会文化适应之间存在正相关关系，但文化适应对于理解 HA 之间的健康和健康行为至关重要。经济的尽管社会经济地位普遍较低，但 HA 在穷人中所占比例过高，因此与非西班牙裔白人相比，他们往往拥有更好的健康状况，因为他们的健康行为与积极的健康行为相关。此外，随着HA越来越适应美国文化，并接受美国文化的习俗和行为，研究表明，总体趋势是存在的，因此越来越适应美国文化。然而，根据所使用的主题领域和措施，研究结果往往不一致。研究呼吁使用潜在的方法和多维的文化适应措施进一步探索文化适应和健康行为之间的关系。文化适应与健康的研究中缺少的一个方面是对环境影响的理解众所周知，一个人生活的环境会影响健康和健康行为，但是很少有研究共同探讨文化适应和环境与健康的关系。对于提议的行为。在这项研究中，多级建模将用于探索来自边境大都市的 436 名 HA 成年人的癌症风险行为的相关性。多级数据结构包含一个分析级别的观察结果，这些观察结果嵌套在另一个分析级别的观察结果中。个人层面的文化适应变量将包含在模型的最低级别，并将使用美国人口普查区域来分层嵌套在参与者的社区数据中，以检查文化适应水平和环境。独立和交互地影响癌症风险行为可能会促进有效干预措施和政策的制定，以减少 HA 之间的癌症差异。