How Brains Build Navigational Variables and Use them to Guide Behavior

大脑如何构建导航变量并利用它们来指导行为

• 批准号: 10665382
• 负责人: GABY MAIMON
• 金额: $ 59.33万
• 依托单位: ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2031-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10665382
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Anatomy; Animals; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cell Separation; Cells; Cognition; Confusion; Dementia; Deterioration; Disorientation; Drosophila genus; Face; Genetic; Goals; Head; Home; Human; Impairment; Individual; Link; Location; Memory; Molecular; Neurologic; Neurons; Pattern; Physiological; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Societies; Subway; Work; fly; improved; member; neural circuit; novel therapeutic intervention; tool; way finding

Project Summary / Abstract Our brain provides us with a sense of where we are in space. The importance of this sense is clear when we become spatially disoriented, like when one is confused about one’s orientation after exiting a subway station. Central to the understanding of how brains give rise to spatial cognition has been the discovery of place cells in the 1970’s (i.e., neurons that are active when animals are in one location in space), head-direction cells in the 1980’s (i.e., neurons that are active when animals face one compass direction), and grid cells in the early 2000’s (i.e., neurons that are active when animals are in a grid of locations in space). A fundamental next step in our understanding of spatial cognition would be to describe the circuit-level interactions that give rise to such physiological activity patterns and to understand how such signals ultimately influence navigational behavior. We wish to leverage the advanced genetic, behavioral, anatomical and physiological tools in Drosophila, to achieve three broad goals. First, we wish to rigorously characterize neural circuits that explain how navigational signals are built. Second, we wish to improve the tasks that flies perform while we record from their brain, which will allow us to isolate cells and circuits required for the formation of spatial working memories. Third, we aim to reveal molecular, cellular and circuit mechanisms by which such memories are formed and guide behavior. This work should allow us to more rigorously link molecular factors, through their effects on cells and circuits, to their function in spatial-cognition. Our discoveries should ultimately help to inform how humans perform navigational tasks like driving home from work or finding a car in a parking lot, alongside how to approach neurological conditions in which such abilities are impaired, like in Alzheimer’s disease.

项目摘要 /摘要 我们的大脑在我们处于太空的同时，为我们提供了一种意义。 在空间上迷失方向，例如当一个地铁站之后的方向混淆时。 了解大脑如何产生空间认知的核心是发现了位置细胞中的位置细胞 1970年代（即动物在空间中一个位置时活跃的神经元） 1980年代（即动物面对一个指南方向时具有活性的神经元），并在早期网格细胞 2000年代（即动物在太空中位置的网格时具有活性的神经元）。 在我们对空间认知的理解中，将是郁金香级的sompertions，引起了这种情况 生理细节活动模式，并了解这种SICH信号最终如何影响导航行为。 我们希望利用果蝇的先进遗传，行为，解剖学和生理工具 实现三个广泛的目标。 构建导航信号。 他们的大脑，柳树允许形成空间工作所需的细胞和电路 记忆。我们旨在揭示这种记忆 形成和指导行为。 对细胞和电路的影响，对它们在空间认知中的功能。 告知人类如何执行导航任务，例如开车回家或在停车场找到汽车， 以及如何到达To To To To To To To To To to to to to to to to。 疾病。