Naturalistic Eye Movements as Clinical Markers of Everyday Cognition in Older Adults

自然眼动作为老年人日常认知的临床标志

• 批准号: 10535420
• 负责人: Rachel Mis
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10535420
• 关键词: Active Learning; Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Behavioral; Belief; Bread; Caregiver Burden; Clinical; Clinical Markers; Clinical Psychology; Coffee; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Computers; Cream; Data; Dementia; Development; Early Diagnosis; Educational workshop; Elderly; Environment; Episodic memory; Ethnic Origin; Eye; Eye Movements; Funding; Future; Gestures; Goals; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Manuals; Measures; Mentorship; Methods; Minor; Modeling; Movement; Nature; Older Population; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Population; Preparation; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Race; Reality Testing; Reporting; Research Training; Risk; Risk Marker; Sampling; Scientist; Self-Help Devices; Semantics; Short-Term Memory; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Statistical Data Interpretation; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Update; Work; aging population; base; care costs; cognitive ability; cognitive control; cognitive skill; cognitive testing; computer human interaction; computerized; dementia risk; demographics; design; diagnostic criteria; effective intervention; executive function; experience; functional decline; functional disability; functional independence; healthy aging; human old age (65+); improved functioning; informant; instrumental activity of daily living; mild cognitive impairment; precision medicine; premature; prevent; programs; racial bias; racial diversity; recruit; sample fixation; theories; virtual reality; visual tracking; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Loss of independence in the ability to successfully complete activities of daily living (ADL), such as meal preparation, is a core diagnostic criterion of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) and is associated with increased costs of care and decreased quality of life in older adults, but even mild, age- associated changes in cognition negatively influence the performance of everyday tasks. Thus, there exists a need for sensitive methods of assessing everyday functioning that are scalable to clinical settings and identify mechanisms for targeted intervention. Studies of individuals with dementia posit two possible distinct cognitive mechanisms for functional difficulties: impaired cognitive control and degraded task schema knowledge. However, the primary mechanisms contributing to functional changes in older adults with milder cognitive decline remain poorly understood, in part due to a lack of sensitive methods for studying everyday functioning in individuals without dementia. Eye tracking has emerged as a potential sensitive method for studying such changes. The proposed study will recruit a racially diverse sample of older adults to examine the relation between eye fixations during completion of a computer-based task of everyday functioning and clinical measures of real-world functional difficulties (e.g., performance-based test and self/informant-report questionnaires) and cognitive abilities. 110 individuals aged 65 and older without dementia (healthy n=55, mild cognitive impairment/MCI n=55) will complete a non-immersive virtual reality (VR) test of goal-directed everyday activities (making a breakfast and lunch) while eye fixation data are collected. Participants also will complete a real-world performance-based test of everyday function and cognitive tests, and participants and a knowledgeable informant will complete clinical questionnaires of everyday functioning and demographics. We predict that (i) inefficiencies in eye fixations during completion of the VR task of everyday functioning are a sensitive and valid measure of subtle functional difficulties, and (ii) patterns of eye movements during everyday tasks reflect distinct cognitive mechanisms for functional difficulties. Results of the proposed study will 1) develop a highly sensitive and scalable assessment for cognitive skills most critical for everyday functioning in a diverse aging population and 2) identify the cognitive mechanisms underlying mild difficulties with everyday activities to inform future development of targeted interventions from a precision-medicine approach that matches the interventions with individuals’ functional/cognitive profile. A training plan has been designed that consists of formal classwork, workshops, experiential learning, and mentorship to develop the applicant’s expertise in eye tracking methods, human-computer interactions, technological advancements in cognitive assessment, and advanced statistical analysis. The proposed study will take place in Temple University’s clinical psychology program, which has a successful track record of conducting impactful NIH-funded research and training research scientists.

项目摘要/摘要 成功完成日常生活活动（ADL）的能力（例如用餐）的能力丧失独立性 准备工作是阿尔茨海默氏病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）的核心诊断标准，是 与老年人的护理成本增加和增加的生活质量有关，甚至是温和的，年龄的 认知的相关变化对每天任务的绩效产生负面影响。那存在 需要敏感的方法来评估每天可扩展到临床环境的功能并识别 有针对性干预的机制。痴呆症个体阳性两个可能的不同认知的研究 功能困难的机制：认知控制障碍和降低任务架构知识的知识。 但是，导致米勒认知老年人功能变化的主要机制 下降仍然很少理解，部分原因是缺乏每天研究的敏感方法 在没有痴呆症的个人中。目光跟踪已成为研究这种潜在的敏感方法 更改。拟议的研究将招募大致多样化的老年人样本以检查这种关系 在完成基于计算机的日常功能和临床任务的过程中 现实世界功能困难的度量（例如，基于绩效的测试和自我/线人报告 问卷）和认知能力。 110个65岁及以上的人没有痴呆症（健康n = 55，中间 认知障碍/MCI n = 55）将完成对目标定向的非免疫虚拟现实（VR）测试 收集眼睛固定数据的日常活动（做早餐和午餐）。参与者也会 完成对每天功能和认知测试的基于实际绩效的测试，以及参与者以及 知识渊博的线人将填写日常功能和人口统计学的临床问卷。我们 预测（i）在完成每天功能的VR任务期间，眼固定效率低下是一个 对微妙的功能困难的敏感和有效的测量，以及（ii）每天的眼动模式 任务反映了功能困难的不同认知机制。拟议研究的结果将1） 为每天运作最重要的认知技能开发高度敏感和可扩展的评估 潜水员老龄化的人口和2）确定每天都有轻度困难的认知机制 从精确中等医学方法中为未来开发有针对性干预措施的活动的活动 将干预措施与个人的功能/认知概况相匹配。已经设计了一个培训计划 由正式的课堂工作，研讨会，专家学习和精神制成，以开发申请人的 眼睛跟踪方法，人类计算机互动，认知技术进步方面的专业知识 评估和高级统计分析。拟议的研究将在Temple University的 临床心理学计划，其成功进行了有影响力的NIH资助研究的成功记录 和培训研究科学家。