School Wildfire Smoke Preparedness

学校野火防烟准备

• 批准号: 10311834
• 负责人: Orly Stampfer
• 金额: $ 4.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10311834
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adverse effects; Affect; Air; Air Pollution; Area; Child; Communities; County; Data; Data Set; Decision Making; Disease; Event; Exposure to; Feedback; Foundations; Frequencies; Glean; Goals; Gold; Health; Health Personnel; Hour; Human Resources; Indian reservation; Individual; Indoor Air Pollution; Indoor environment; Infiltration; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Leadership; Location; Manuals; Measurement; Mentors; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Particulate Matter; Pilot Projects; Pollution; Public Health; Randomized; Readiness; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Schools; Seasons; Shelter facility; Site; Smoke; Source; Strategic Planning; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Time trend; Training; Translations; Variant; Vision; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Washington; Wildfire; Work; Yakama Indian; air cleaner; air monitoring; climate change; community engaged research; cost; data quality; data to knowledge; design; disability; evidence base; experience; fine particles; indoor particulate matter; portability; prevent; quality assurance; response; sensor; sensor technology; simulation; sound; trend; tribal Nation; underserved community; ventilation

Project Abstract Wildfire smoke is an increasing public health concern with episodes extending into the school year. Children are vulnerable to health impacts of fine particulate matter, a major component of wildfire smoke. Yet data to adequately understand and inform essential public health decision-making on school indoor air pollution during wildfire events are lacking. This project seeks to establish a scientifically-sound toolkit for schools to estimate fine particulate matter infiltration in classrooms that can be done prior to poor air pollution episodes (preparedness), capitalizing on advances in low-cost sensor technology. A key objective is to understand school decision-makers’ perspectives on data needs in order to design toolkits for using low-cost sensors that produce data that are useful to school, air quality, and local health personnel and provide confidence for meaningful decision-making. Low-cost fine particulate matter sensors will be placed outdoors and in multiple indoor locations at 6 schools in regions impacted by fine particulate matter, including wildfire smoke, for at least 6 months. To calibrate sensor data, during baseline and poor air quality periods, sensors will temporarily be paired with gold standard fine particulate matter gravimetric samplers. An analysis accounting for the shared temporal trend will be used to quantify variation in fine particulate matter between indoor spaces within- school, and assess how the variation changes between baseline and poor air quality periods. Room visits to monitor air quality of various frequencies and durations will be simulated and compared to long-term average trends to assess the accuracy of hypothetical short term air monitoring visits that may be practical for schools. Study results will be shared with school, local health, and air quality personnel during individual interviews. Interviews will focus on personnel perspectives on the study results and on adequate accuracy for data to support decision-making (e.g. avoid certain classrooms during wildfire smoke, add air cleaners), and feasibility of air monitoring. Personnel perspectives will inform the design of 2 toolkits that include manuals for schools to use that vary in complexity and accuracy. The end-user informed toolkits will undergo re-test in 2 new schools, and further discussion with end-users will yield 2 final evidence-based practical toolkits. This research promotes NIEHS’ vision to prevent disease and disability by enabling schools to mitigate children’s exposures to fine particulate matter, and supports Strategic Plan theme 2: Promoting Translation – Data to Knowledge to Action. A complementary training plan builds on the applicant’s foundational experience in air pollution sensor applications and community-engaged research with Tribal Nations and underserved communities, and supports transition to independent investigator. The Sponsor and Co-Sponsor are established research collaborators as well as established mentors for the applicant. They bring nationally recognized leadership in air pollution and community-engaged research and opportunities for enrichment through their networks.

项目摘要 野火烟雾是一个越来越多的公共卫生问题，因为这一事件扩展到了学年。 很容易受到野火烟雾的主要组成部分的健康影响 充分理解并告知对学校室内空气污染的基本公共卫生决策 野火事件缺乏该项目。 教室中的细particate物质渗透，可能会糟糕地渗透到空气污染发作的差 （准备），利用低成本传感器技术的进步。 学校决策者对数据需求的看法，以设计使用低成本传感器的工具包 产生对学校，空气质量和当地卫生人员有用的数据，并为 进餐成本的细partical物质传感器将被放置在户外，并在多个 受到细微的偏角物质影响，包括野火烟雾的地区的6所地区的室内地点，AT 至少有6个月的校准传感器数据，在基线和质量较差的过程中，传感器将暂时 与黄金标准的细节重量取样器配对。 共享的时间趋势将用于量化 - 学校，并评估基线和空气质量差的差异如何变化 监视各种频率和持续时间的空气质量，并将其与长期平均水平进行比较 评估假设短期空气监测访问的准确性的趋势对于学校来说是实用的。 在个人面试中，研究结果将与学校，当地健康和空气质量人员共享。 访谈将集中于人员人事人员人事人员人事人员人员人员人事人员人事人员人员人事人员人体人事观点，并具有足够的数据准确性 支持决策（例如，在野火期间避免某些教室，添加空气清洁剂） 人事观点的空气监控将为包括学校手册的两个工具包提供信息 使用这种复杂性和准确性各不相同。 并与最终用户进行进一步的讨论，并产生2个最终证据的实用工具包 通过使学校的暴露能够促进NIEHS的愿景来预防疾病和残疾 精细的颗粒物，并支持战略计划主题2：促进翻译 - 数据到知识。 采取行动。 与部落国家和服务不足的社区的申请和社区 支持对独立研究者的过渡。 合作者以及申请人的既定导师。 空气污染和社区参与，通过网络丰富的研究和机会。