Epidemiology Project

流行病学项目

• 批准号: 10407477
• 负责人: Ivo J Mueller
• 金额: $ 19.51万
• 依托单位: WALTER AND ELIZA HALL INST MEDICAL RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-28 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10407477
• 关键词: Adult; Alleles; Antibodies; Antibody Repertoire; Antigens; Area; Asia; Attention; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Blood; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Complement; Computer Simulation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Detection; Diagnosis; Disease; Drug resistance; Ecology; Effectiveness; Ensure; Epidemiology; Erythrocytes; Exposure to; Frequencies; Future; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Genotype; Geography; High Prevalence; Hot Spot; Immune response; Immunity; Immunology; Individual; Infection; Knowledge; Link; Location; Longitudinal cohort study; Malaria; Male Adolescents; Measures; Methods; Migrant; Modeling; Molecular; Nature; Parasites; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Phagocytosis; Plasmodium; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Population; Population Genetics; Protein Array; Reporting; Research Design; Residual state; Risk; Role; Sampling; Serology; Site; Surface; Surveillance Methods; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Symptoms; Time; base; density; epidemiology study; feeding; field study; genome-wide; genomic variation; high risk; high risk population; immunological status; improved; in silico; infection risk; innovation; malaria infection; malaria transmission; mathematical model; novel; novel strategies; predictive test; programs; sample fixation; spatiotemporal; surveillance strategy; transmission process; whole genome

Summary To ensure that malaria transmission continues to decline in the Asia-Pacific region, it is critical that national malaria control programs be able to more efficiently target specific areas of high transmission and populations at highest risk. In order to do this they need to be able to accurately identify and delineate pockets of residual transmission and identify the presence and nature of high-risk groups. This will require new approaches and more efficient epidemiological study designs that are based on an in-depth understanding of key host and parasite factors that contribute to sustaining residual transmission in different scenarios. In particular, unraveling the biological basis (e.g. parasite population genetics, host genetics, immunity) for the relatively high prevalence of asymptomatic infections is now more important than ever before. The overall aim of the Asia-Pacific ICEMR Epidemiology Project is thus to better understand host and parasite factors that contribute to sustaining residual malaria transmission despite intensified control and to apply this knowledge to develop novel ways of accurately identifying and delineating pockets of residual transmission. In order to achieve this spatio-temporal patterns of risk of malaria infection and disease will be investigated through a combination of large cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies that combine rigorous epidemiological study designs with state-of-the-art molecular detection and genotyping of Plasmodium spp. infections and an assessment of host immune responses and their link to exposure and protection from clinical symptoms of malaria. This information will then be used to evaluate improved surveillance strategies through an innovative combination of computer simulations and field application. This combination of in-depth malaria epidemiology, ecology and application of molecular and antibody profiling feeding into mathematical modeling to allow in silico experimentation, followed by application in the field is highly innovative and has previously received very little attention in the context of malaria surveillance.

概括 为了确保亚太地区的疟疾传播继续下降，至关重要的国家至关重要 疟疾控制计划能够更有效地针对高传输和人口的特定领域 风险最高。为此，他们需要能够准确识别和描绘残留的袋 传播并确定高风险群体的存在和性质。这将需要新的方法， 更有效的流行病学研究设计基于对关键宿主和 寄生虫因素有助于在不同情况下维持剩余的传播。尤其， 为相对较高的生物学基础（例如寄生虫种群遗传学，宿主遗传学，免疫力） 现在，无症状感染的高流行率比以往任何时候都更为重要。总体目的 因此，亚太ICEMR流行病学项目是为了更好地了解宿主和寄生虫因素 尽管控制了加强，但仍导致维持残余疟疾传播，并将这些知识应用于 开发新颖的方法，以准确识别和描述残留传播的口袋。为了 实现这种疟疾感染风险和疾病风险的时空模式将通过 大型横截面和纵向队列研究的结合，结合了严格的流行病学 研究设计的研究设计和最先进的分子检测和疟原虫的基因分型。感染和 评估宿主免疫反应及其与暴露和保护免受临床症状的联系 疟疾。然后，将使用此信息通过创新来评估改进的监视策略 计算机模拟和现场应用的组合。深入疟疾流行病学的这种结合， 分子和抗体分析的生态学以及进食数学模型的应用，以允许 硅实验，然后在现场进行应用是高度创新的，以前已经收到了非常非常创新的 在疟疾监测的背景下，很少关注。