Promoting health by understanding risk and protective factors for substance use among Latino youth in rural and small town communities in the United States

通过了解美国农村和小镇社区拉丁裔青年物质使用的风险和保护因素来促进健康

• 批准号: 10407061
• 负责人: Katarina Guttmannova
• 金额: $ 26.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10407061
• 关键词: Abate; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohols; Area; Birth; Child; Childhood; Communities; Communities That Care; County; Data; Data Collection; Development; Drug usage; Economics; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Event; Face; Family; Federal Government; Generations; Health; Health Promotion; Health Services Accessibility; Immigrant; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Latino Population; Lead; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Local Government; Longitudinal Studies; Marijuana; Mexican; Morbidity - disease rate; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Population; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive; Problem behavior; Process; Reduce health disparities; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Rural; Rural Community; Sampling; Schools; Science; Shapes; Social Change; Social Development; Source; State Government; Surveys; System; Target Populations; Time; Tobacco; Underserved Population; United States; Urban Community; Validation; Voice; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; base; cohort; disparity reduction; emerging adult; experience; health disparity; improved; intersectionality; longitudinal analysis; marginalized population; member; migration; model development; peer; positive youth development; programs; protective factors; public health relevance; randomized trial; residence; resilience; rural area; service intervention; socioeconomics; substance use; young adult

Abstract The demographic composition of small towns and rural communities in the U.S. has changed dramatically, in part because of the large in-migration of Latino families. For communities to support the health of their members, they must be able to reinforce factors that promote positive youth development (protective factors) and abate factors that hinder it (risk factors). However, much of what is known about risk and resilience comes from research on urban communities. There has been little longitudinal research on Latinos growing up in the rural U.S., and none with sufficient data to understand the etiology of substance use (SU), patterns of health disparities in SU, and factors influencing their health and wellbeing as young adults. We know little about the intersectionality of Latino ethnicity, immigrant status, and rural context and how these relate to the developmental mechanisms of health disparities. This knowledge gap limits prevention and intervention services, as the prevention science paradigm depends on accurately identifying risk and protective factors (RPFs) and developing prevention programs targeting these factors to reduce problem behaviors. The present application capitalizes on existing rich longitudinal data spanning childhood through early adulthood to examine influences on health and well-being of rural Latino youth. Using this existing data, we will examine health disparities in substance use and associated RPFs (a) between 3rd-generation rural Latino and non-Latino White youth, and (b) among rural Latino youth who are 1st-, 2nd- or 3rd-generation immigrants (i.e., children of immigrant or U.S.-born parents). In the supplemental analyses used for triangulation and validation, we will use national cross-sectional data and examine differences in the association between RPFs and alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and other drug use for Latino youth by the type of residence (rural vs. small and large metro areas) at the historical time points and age ranges corresponding to the longitudinal study. Findings will provide rigorous scientific evidence regarding risk and protective processes for Latino youth in rural areas of the U.S. that may lead to prevention efforts to reduce health disparities in substance use and other health risk behaviors in young adulthood, and potentially reduce disparities in serious illness later in the life course.

抽象的 美国小镇和农村社区的人口组成发生了巨大变化 部分原因是拉丁裔家庭的大量移民。让社区支持其健康 成员，他们必须能够加强促进青年发展（保护因素）的因素 并减轻阻碍它的因素（风险因素）。但是，关于风险和弹性的许多知识是 从城市社区的研究。关于拉丁美洲裔的纵向研究很少 美国农村，没有足够的数据来了解物质使用的病因（SU），健康模式 SU的差异以及影响其健康和福祉的因素。我们对 拉丁裔种族，移民地位和农村背景的交叉性以及这些交叉 健康差异的发展机制。这些知识差距限制了预防和干预 服务，因为预防科学范式取决于准确识别风险和保护因素 （RPF）并制定针对这些因素以减少问题行为的预防计划。现在 应用于现有的丰富纵向数据，跨越了童年，直到成年初期 对农村拉丁裔青年的健康和福祉的影响。使用这些现有数据，我们将检查健康 第三代农村拉丁裔和非拉丁裔之间的物质使用和相关RPF的差异（a） 白人青年和（b）在第一，第二或第三代移民的农村拉丁裔青年中（即 移民或美国出生的父母）。在用于三角测量和验证的补充分析中，我们将使用 国家横断面数据并检查RPF与酒精之间的关联差异，烟草， 大麻以及拉丁裔青年的其他毒品使用（农村与大型都会区） 在历史点和年龄范围内，与纵向研究相对应。调查结果将提供 关于美国农村地区拉丁裔青年的风险和保护过程的严格科学证据 这可能导致预防努力减少药物使用和其他健康风险行为的健康差异 在成年期的年轻人，并有可能在生命过程中以后的严重疾病中减少差异。