Causal Role of Cortico-Cerebellar Networks in Working Memory

皮质小脑网络在工作记忆中的因果作用

• 批准号: 10231528
• 负责人: James Ashe Brissenden
• 金额: $ 6.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10231528
• 关键词: Aptitude; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Brain; Cerebellar Cortex; Cerebellum; Cerebral cortex; Clinical; Cognitive; Computer Models; Coupled; Dementia; Development; Dissociation; Distant; Exhibits; Failure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Intelligence; Intervention; Liquid substance; Literature; Location; Maintenance; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Mind; Modeling; Motor; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Pathologic; Performance; Play; Probability; Process; Reporting; Research; Rest; Role; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Site; Stimulus; Structure; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Techniques; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Uncertainty; Visual; Visual Fields; Visuospatial; Work; base; behavior measurement; cognitive ability; cognitive performance; experimental study; frontal lobe; improved; indexing; insight; interest; memory encoding; memory process; mental representation; neuromechanism; novel; operation; psychologic; reading comprehension; recruit; relating to nervous system; success; therapy development; visual map

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Working memory (WM) enables the short-term maintenance of mental representations in support of ongoing cognitive operations and is thought to underlie optimal cognitive performance across a wide range of contexts. Achieving a better understanding of the psychological and neural mechanisms of WM can provide valuable insight into one of the primary determinants of both cognitive success and failure. A substantial body of literature has sought to reveal the specific brain structures and mechanisms that support WM. To date, this literature has predominantly focused on the contributions of a limited set of fronto-parietal cortical areas. Recent work, however, additionally implicates portions of the cerebellum in WM processes. Yet, there remain substantial gaps in our understanding of the precise role that the cerebellum plays in WM. As prior work has primarily used correlational measurement techniques to argue for cerebellar contributions to WM, the question of whether the cerebellum is actually necessary for the maintenance of information in WM remains unanswered. The goal of the proposed research is to investigate the causal role of the cerebellum in WM using a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and computational modeling of behavior. In Aim 1, participants will receive TMS to disrupt activity in regions of interest in cerebellum, parietal cortex, and frontal cortex in independent sessions just prior to the performance of a task that requires precise recall of presented spatial locations. We will then examine the effect of this disruption on parameters derived from a computational model that index distinct aspects of WM, such as the fidelity of memory or the probability that an item is successfully encoded. In Aim 2, we will combine TMS with fMRI to examine the causal influence of cerebellar and cortical areas on neural markers of WM storage throughout the brain. Specifically, we will use a Bayesian generative model to decode the location stored in memory, as well as the uncertainty with which that location is encoded. The proposed experiments will enable the dissociation of the relative roles of cerebellar and cortical areas in WM task performance, thus providing a more nuanced understanding of the neural underpinnings of WM. A more complete characterization of the WM system has the potential to inform the development of therapies aimed at treating a broad range of clinical conditions for which WM dysfunction is a primary symptom.

项目摘要/摘要 工作记忆（WM）可以短期维持心理表征以支持 持续的认知操作，被认为是广泛的最佳认知表现的基础 上下文。对WM的心理和神经机制有更好的了解可以提供 对认知成功和失败的主要决定因素之一的宝贵见解。一个很大的身体 文献试图揭示支持WM的特定大脑结构和机制。迄今为止，这个 文献主要集中在有限的额叶皮层区域的贡献上。 然而，最近的工作还暗示了小脑在WM过程中的一部分。然而，仍然存在 在我们对小脑在WM中发挥的确切作用的理解，我们的差距很大。由于先前的工作 主要使用相关测量技术来为小脑贡献WM的贡献，这是一个问题 关于小脑是否实际上是维持WM中信息的必要 未得到答复。拟议研究的目的是使用使用小脑在WM中的因果作用 经颅磁刺激（TMS），功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和 行为的计算建模。在AIM 1中，参与者将收到TMS，以破坏在地区的活动 在表演之前，对小脑，顶叶皮层和额叶皮质的兴趣 需要精确召回提出的空间位置的任务。然后，我们将检查此效果 从索引WM的不同方面的计算模型中得出的参数的破坏，例如 记忆的保真度或项目成功编码的概率。在AIM 2中，我们将将TMS与 fMRI检查小脑和皮质区域对WM存储神经标记的因果影响 整个大脑。具体来说，我们将使用贝叶斯生成模型来解码存储在中的位置 内存以及该位置编码的不确定性。提出的实验将启用 小脑和皮质区域在WM任务表现中相对作用的相对作用的解离，从而提供了 对WM的神经基础的更细微的理解。 WM的更完整的表征 系统有可能告知旨在治疗广泛临床的疗法的发展 WM功能障碍的条件是主要症状。