Natural Product Treatments for Leishmaniasis

治疗利什曼病的天然产品

基本信息

批准号：
8430736
负责人：
BILL J BAKER
金额：
$ 17.57万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-15 至 2015-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8430736
关键词：
Affect Algae Amphotericin B Antarctic Attention Biodiversity Biological Assay Biological Factors Cachexia Cessation of life Chemicals Chemistry Collection Complement Country Cutaneous Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Data Developed Countries Development Disease Disease model Drug resistance Ecosystem Evaluation Fermentation Fever Generations HIV Hepatosplenomegaly Human Incidence Infection Inhibitory Concentration 50 Invertebrates Leishmania Leishmania donovani Leishmaniasis Lesion Life Malignant Neoplasms Marines Military Personnel Miltefosine Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Oceans Paclitaxel Parasites Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacologic Substance Plants Production Prunella vulgaris Reproduction spores Research Research Priority Resources Risk Role Sampling Sea Sea Ice Soil Source Tropical Disease United States Food and Drug Administration Visceral Visceral Leishmaniasis World Health Organization base climate change cytopenia cytotoxicity drug development drug discovery endophytic fungi follow-up fungus indexing interest macrophage microbial microbial community microorganism mortality neglect novel operation public health relevance public-private partnership screening small molecule

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Leishmaniasis exacts a staggering toll of mortality and morbidity on the developing world. Infection with parasites of the genus Leishmania causes a spectrum of disease in humans ranging from self-healing cutaneous lesions to life-threatening visceral infections. Two million new cases of leishmaniasis occur annually (1.5 million for cutaneous leishmaniasis and 500,000 for visceral leishmaniasis and over 350 million people are at risk of acquiring leishmaniasis, which is one of six diseases on the World Health Organization Tropical Disease Research (WHO TDR) list for priority research. The incidence of leishmaniasis may be increasing, and there is also growing interest in leishmaniasis in industrialized countries, in part due to the increase of Leishmania-HIV co-infection and the importance of the disease in current military operations. Leishmaniasis is most often treated by parenteral administration of toxic drugs such as pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin B, and drug resistance is becoming a problem. For the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis, a variety of drugs are frequently used, but none is effective against all species of the parasite that cause cutaneous disease. Herein we propose to investigate several niche sources of unstudied or understudied biodiversity in the search for new natural product chemotypes for treating leishmaniasis. Natural products represent 9 of 13 anti-parasitic drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the past 25 years, highlighting the important role of this drug discovery resource for antileishmanial drug discovery research.

描述（由申请人提供）：利什曼病给发展中国家造成了惊人的死亡率和发病率。利什曼原虫属寄生虫感染会引起人类一系列疾病，从自愈性皮肤损伤到危及生命的内脏感染。每年新增 200 万利什曼病病例（其中 150 万为皮肤利什曼病，50 万为内脏利什曼病，超过 3.5 亿人面临感染利什曼病的风险，利什曼病是世界卫生组织热带病研究 (WHO TDR) 名单上的六种疾病之一利什曼病的发病率可能正在增加，人们对它的兴趣也越来越大。工业化国家的利什曼病，部分原因是利什曼原虫与艾滋病毒混合感染的增加以及该疾病在当前军事行动中的重要性。利什曼病最常通过胃肠外施用有毒药物（例如五价锑和两性霉素 B）来治疗，耐药性正在成为一个问题。为了治疗皮肤利什曼病，经常使用多种药物，但没有一种药物对引起皮肤病的所有寄生虫种类都有效。在此，我们建议调查未经研究或未充分研究的生物多样性的几个利基来源，以寻找治疗利什曼病的新天然产物化学型。天然产物占美国食品和药物管理局过去 25 年批准的 13 种抗寄生虫药物中的 9 种，凸显了这一药物发现资源对于抗利什曼病药物发现研究的重要作用。