The development of visual behavior in infancy

婴儿期视觉行为的发展

• 批准号: 10401815
• 负责人: LISA M OAKES
• 金额: $ 37.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10401815
• 关键词: Adult; Attention; Back; Behavior; Characteristics; Child; Clutterings; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Development; Disease; Environment; Equilibrium; Event; Face; Familiarity; Feedback; Feeds; Fragile X Syndrome; Goals; Image; Individual; Infant; Infant Development; Knowledge; Knowledge acquisition; Learning; Memory; Mission; Nature; Pattern; Persons; Process; Public Health; Published Comment; Race; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Sensory; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Stimulus; Syndrome; System; Systems Development; Time; Translating; Visual; Visual attention; Visual system structure; Williams Syndrome; Work; age related; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavior change; developmental disease; experience; experimental study; infancy; insight; pet animal; sample fixation; vision development; visual control; visual processing

Project Summary There is a significant gap in our knowledge in the field of infant cognition, namely little is known about the development of visual processing in complex visual arrays in healthy development. The long-term objective of this project is to provide understanding into the nature of the development of infants’ looking and visual processing, as well as to uncover relations between infants’ looking and learning. That is, because infants rely even more heavily than do adults on visual processing to gain information about the world, understanding the factors that influence where and how long infants look, as well as how those factors determine what infants learn, is critical for a complete understanding of healthy development. To accomplish this objective we will undertake 2 specific aims. First the research team will conduct work aimed at understanding infants’ learning to look. By examining how factors such as meaning, salience, and familiarity determines where and how long infants look, we gain understanding into the factors that influence visual processing, as well as how the development of the visual system helps infants balance competing influences on looking. Second, the research team will conduct work aimed at understanding infants’ looking to learn. Infants’ looking behavior is active and allows them to sample information about the visual world. By investigating how differences in infants’ looking behavior translates to differences in what infants learn and remember about visual arrays, we can construct an understanding of how changes in in the visual system influence what infants learn about the visual world. By accomplishing these aims the research team will not only gain insight into the typical development of the visual system in healthy infants, but also will provide insight into points of vulnerability in that development and how multiple factors influence that development. In addition, because the research team will use complex visual arrays, such as natural scenes, this work will provide information about how looking and learning from looking develops in contexts that mimic the infants’ everyday experience as well as make connections with work conducted with adults.

项目概要 我们在婴儿认知领域的知识存在很大差距，即对婴儿认知知之甚少。 发展复杂视觉阵列中视觉处理的健康发展的长期目标。 该项目旨在帮助人们了解婴儿的外观和视觉发育的本质 处理，以及揭示婴儿的观看和学习之间的关系，即因为婴儿依赖。 甚至比成年人更注重视觉处理来获取有关世界的信息，理解事物 影响婴儿看向位置和持续时间的因素，以及这些因素如何决定婴儿的行为 学习，对于全面了解健康发展至关重要。 首先，研究团队将开展旨在了解婴儿学习的工作。 通过检查意义、显着性和熟悉度等因素如何决定地点和时间。 通过婴儿的观察，我们可以了解影响视觉处理的因素，以及 视觉系统的发育有助于婴儿平衡对观看的竞争影响。 团队将开展旨在了解婴儿寻求学习的行为的工作。 允许他们通过研究婴儿的外观差异来采样有关视觉世界的信息。 行为会转化为婴儿学习和记忆视觉阵列的差异，我们可以构建一个 了解视觉系统的变化如何影响婴儿对视觉世界的了解。 为了实现这些目标，研究团队不仅将深入了解视觉的典型发展 健康婴儿的系统，而且还将深入了解该发育过程中的脆弱点以及如何 此外，由于研究团队将使用复杂的视觉效果，因此影响这一发展的因素有很多。 数组，例如自然场景，这项工作将提供有关如何观察和从观察中学习的信息 在模仿婴儿日常经历并与工作建立联系的环境中发展 与成人一起进行。