Cortical correlates of age-related hearing deficits

年龄相关听力缺陷的皮质相关性

• 批准号: 8700726
• 负责人: GREGG Howard RECANZONE
• 金额: $ 1.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8700726
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Audiometry; Auditory; Auditory Brainstem Responses; Auditory area; Behavioral; Bilateral Hearing Loss; California; Cell Count; Cerebral cortex; Cochlea; Data; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Elderly; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Grant; Hair Cells; Hearing; Hearing Aids; High-Frequency Hearing Loss; Human; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lesion; Longevity; Macaca; Measurement; Metric; Modeling; Monkeys; Morphology; National Institute on Aging; Neocortex; Neurons; Organ; Pathology; Performance; Peripheral; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Population; Presbycusis; Primates; Principal Investigator; Probability; Process; Property; Research; Resources; Series; Source; Stria Vascularis; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; age effect; age related; aged; cochlear lesion; cohort; design; disability; ganglion cell; hearing impairment; information processing; insight; juvenile animal; nonhuman primate; normal aging; novel; otoacoustic emission; phrases; programs; research study; response; speech processing; spiral ganglion; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hearing deficits are the third leading cause of disability in the aged. Over half of all people in the US over seventy suffer some form of age-related hearing deficits. This is a ubiquitous problem with many sources, and the peripheral contributions to age-related deficits, particularly high frequency hearing loss, have been explored and have revealed several important features of these disorders. However, there remains relatively little understood about the consequences of age-related hearing loss and normal aging on central auditory structures, particularly the neocortex, and how age-related changes in either anatomical or physiological processes in central structures give rise to perceptual deficits. Our lack of understanding of these central effects is due in large part to the lack of an effective animal model that (1) shares many organizational features of auditory cortex with humans, (2) has a reasonably long life span such that age-related hearing deficits progress over the course of several years as in the human, and (3) are not prohibitively expensive. The goals of this proposal are to fill this gap by correlating hearing deficits related to either age or hearing loss with single neuron activity in core and belt areas of auditory cortex as well as the perceptual abilities and the cochlear morphology of the same individuals. Experimental groups will include young animals with no hearing loss, young animals with hearing loss, geriatric animals with minimal hearing loss and geriatric animals with hearing loss. Animals will be trained on spatial and temporal discrimination tasks and cortical activity will be directly correlated with this behavioral performance, hearing thresholds, and cochlear morphology. Comparisons between neurons in different animals, as well as in auditory cortical fields that have been reorganized due to the high frequency hearing loss, will be compared to determine which aspects of auditory information processing are most susceptible to aging and age-related hearing loss. The results of this study are a critical step in the development of new remedial treatments and therapies, as well as in hearing aid design, for individuals suffering from age-related hearing deficits.

描述（由申请人提供）： 听力缺陷是老年人残疾的第三大原因。在美国七十岁以上的人中，有一半以上患有某种形式的与年龄相关的听力缺陷。这是一个普遍存在的问题，有很多来源，并且已经探索了与年龄相关的缺陷，特别是高频听力损失的外周因素，并揭示了这些疾病的几个重要特征。然而，对于与年龄相关的听力损失和正常衰老对中枢听觉结构（特别是新皮质）的影响，以及中枢结构的解剖或生理过程中与年龄相关的变化如何引起知觉缺陷，人们仍然知之甚少。我们对这些中心效应缺乏了解，很大程度上是由于缺乏有效的动物模型，该模型（1）与人类共享听觉皮层的许多组织特征，（2）具有相当长的寿命，使得与年龄相关的听力与人类一样，赤字会在数年的过程中逐渐恶化，并且（3）成本并不高得令人望而却步。该提案的目标是通过将与年龄或听力损失相关的听力缺陷与听觉皮层核心和带区域的单个神经元活动以及同一个体的感知能力和耳蜗形态相关联来填补这一空白。实验组将包括没有听力损失的幼年动物、有听力损失的幼年动物、有轻微听力损失的老年动物和有听力损失的老年动物。动物将接受空间和时间辨别任务的训练，皮层活动将与这种行为表现、听力阈值和耳蜗形态直接相关。将比较不同动物的神经元以及由于高频听力损失而重组的听觉皮层区域的神经元，以确定听觉信息处理的哪些方面最容易受到衰老和与年龄相关的听力损失的影响。这项研究的结果是为患有与年龄相关的听力缺陷的个体开发新的治疗方法和疗法以及助听器设计的关键一步。