Role of open dumping and open burning of solid waste in the generation of microplastics and products of incomplete combustion on tribal lands

露天倾倒和露天焚烧固体废物在部落土地上产生微塑料和不完全燃烧产物中的作用

• 批准号: 10372185
• 负责人: Jorge Gonzalez Estrella
• 金额: $ 27.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10372185
• 关键词: Address; Air; Attention; Biophysics; Burn injury; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Monoxide; Cellular Structures; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chemistry; Cheyenne; Communities; Crows; Dioxins; Ecosystem; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollution; Exposure to; Fire - disasters; Food; Gases; Generations; Goals; Hand; Health; Heavy Metals; Human; Hydrogen Sulfide; Infection; Infrastructure; Investigation; Mechanics; Methodology; Microbe; Microscopy; Monitor; Morphology; Native Americans; Navajo; Odors; Particulate Matter; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Personal Communication; Photosynthesis; Plague; Plant Roots; Plants; Plastics; Poison; Pollution; Practice Management; Process; Reaction; Refuse Disposal; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Rivers; Role; Sampling; Silicones; Sioux Indians; Site; Soil; Solid; Spectrum Analysis; Surface; Symbiosis; System; Testing; Toxic effect; Tribes; Waste Management; Water; Weather; Wildfire; base; chemical property; chemical release; combustion product; environmental disparity; experimental study; exposure pathway; greenhouse gases; health equity; insight; laboratory experiment; monomer; physical property; plant growth/development; tool; transmission process; tribal community; tribal lands; volatile organic compound; wasting; water vapor

Project Summary “Role of Open Dumping And Open Burning Of Solid Waste In The Generation Of Microplastics And Products Of Incomplete Combustion On Tribal Lands” This research project addresses two critical issues in tribal lands caused by open dumping and burning: 1) potential generation of secondary microplastics which are currently under intense investigation worldwide due to their unknown health and environmental effects and 2) generation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which include a wide array of potential toxic substances. Open dumping and burning practices are common in tribal lands posing potential health to communities located nearby. Open dumping enables plague propagation, infection transmission, wildfire fire generation, greenhouse gas emission, water and solid ecosystems pollution, and bad odor emissions among other undesired effects. Open burning in addition to producing typical combustion products (e.g., carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, hydrogen sulfide) generates products of incomplete combustion. Products of incomplete combustion include greenhouse gases, reactive trace gases, VOCs, semi-VOCs, dioxins, and other toxic compounds, ashes, and particulate matter. Secondary microplastics are a potential product of incomplete combustion. Secondary microplastics are plastic materials generated by the fragmentation of larger plastic pieces. Despite the disparities in infrastructure that increase the likelihood of microplastics generation on tribal lands, their occurrence due to open burning practices and their effect on environment and health in tribal lands is largely unknown. We hypothesize that open dumping and burning practices generate and propagate microplastics and toxic VOCs in air, water, and soil enabling the exposure of communities located in proximity to waste disposal sites. The goal of the proposed project is to better understand the disparate environmental and health impacts of dumping and burning in tribal communities. We will partner with communities in Crow, Navajo, and Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe for this investigation. We propose the following specific aims: Specific Aim 1: Identify changes in physical and chemical properties of plastics from open burning activities and propagation pathways through the environment in lab scale experiments and field Specific Aim 2: Identify the potential exposure pathways and the environmental biophysical impacts of plastics from open burning activities in soil-plant-air systems. Specific Aim 3: Identify patterns in release of VOC, PAH, and dioxins released from open burning activities. Each tribal community likely has unique burning practices, thus the identification of both common and distinct patterns will help inform mitigation strategies that can be applied broadly or can be specifically tailored by community.

项目摘要“开放倾倒和固体废物在产生中的作用 部落土地上不完整燃烧的微塑料和产品” 该研究项目解决了由公开倾销和燃烧造成的部落土地上的两个关键问题：1） 潜在的二级微塑料的潜在生成，目前正在全球范围内进行激烈的调查 对他们未知的健康和环境影响以及2）产生挥发性有机化合物（VOC） 其中包括各种潜在的有毒物质。开放倾销和燃烧做法很常见 部落土地为附近的社区带来潜在的健康。打开倾倒启用瘟疫传播， 感染传播，野火消防，温室气体排放，水和固体生态系统污染， 以及其他不希望的效果以及不良气味排放。除了产生典型的开放燃烧 燃烧产物（例如一氧化碳，二氧化碳，水蒸气，硫化氢）产生 组合不完整的产品。组合不完整的产品包括温室气体，反应性 痕量气体，VOC，半频率，二恶英和其他有毒化合物，灰烬和特定物质。次要 微塑料是不完整组合的潜在产物。次级微塑料是塑料材料 由较大塑料碎片的碎片产生。尽管基础设施的分布增加了 微塑料在部落土地上产生的可能性，它们是由于开放燃烧的做法而发生的 它们对部落土地环境和健康的影响在很大程度上是未知的。我们假设那个开放的倾销 燃烧的实践在空气，水和土壤中产生并传播微塑料和有毒的VOC，使 接近垃圾处理地点的社区的暴露。拟议项目的目标是 更好地了解部落倾销和燃烧的不同环境和健康影响 社区。我们将与Crow，Navajo和Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe的社区合作 调查。我们提出以下特定目的：特定目标1：确定物理和 塑料的化学特性，来自开放式燃烧​​活动和环境传播途径 在实验室量表实验和特定于现场的目标2：确定潜在的暴露途径和 塑料对土壤植物空气系统中开放式燃烧​​活性产生的环境生物物理影响。具体的 目标3：确定从开放式燃烧​​活动中释放的VOC，PAH和二恶英的释放模式。每个部落 社区可能具有独特的燃烧实践，因此可以识别常见和不同模式 帮助告知缓解策略，这些策略可以广泛应用，也可以由社区专门量身定制。