Implementation and Implications of Sickle Cell Trait Screening in the NCAA

镰状细胞性状筛查在 NCAA 中的实施及其意义

基本信息

批准号：
10205133
负责人：
CHARMAINE DAWN MARIE ROYAL
金额：
$ 75.17万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-20 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10205133
关键词：
Address Adopted Affect African American student Area Athletic Attitude Behavior Benefits and Risks Cessation of life Complication Data Decision Making Detection Dimensions Education Effectiveness Financial Hardship Foundations Future Genetic Genetic Counseling Genetic Risk Genetic Screening Guidelines Head Health Health Policy Individual Institution Institutional Policy Instruction Intervention Knowledge Legal Literature Modification Monitor North Carolina Outcome Participant Perception Physicians Policies Procedures Public Health Publishing Race Recommendation Reporting Research Research Personnel Resolution Risk Sampling Schools Sickle Cell Trait Source Sports Stigmatization Structure Surveys Telephone Interviews Testing United States Universities Variant Work base behavioral outcome college cost economic cost effective intervention ethical legal social implication experience frontier implementation outcomes implementation process member mortality population based prevent programs risk minimization screening screening policy screening program social stigma student athlete symposium trait waiver

项目摘要

ABSTRACT In 2010 the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) adopted a mandatory sickle cell trait (SCT) screening policy for student-athletes in its Division I (DI) colleges and universities. Currently, schools in all three divisions of the NCAA are implementing the policy. To date, very little published research is available on SCT in student-athletes or on the actual implementation of the NCAA screening policy. Many important questions remain regarding this controversial mandated genetic screening program. Results from a preliminary study we conducted of NCAA DI institutions in North Carolina reveal that athletic staff at most of the schools found it beneficial to know the SCT status of their student-athletes, but felt they need clearer guidance and instructions from the NCAA on the policy implementation. We also found that that some athletic staff and student-athletes believed that black students were the only ones at risk and should be the targets for screening. There has been little education for coaches, athletic trainers, and student-athletes on reasons for screening all student-athletes. Of the few student-athletes with SCT in our sample, only about one-half changed the way they participate in their sport based on their status. These and our other preliminary findings provide important information concerning the procedures, perspectives, and behavioral outcomes at some institutions in one US state. A larger and more representative sample is needed to better understand the policy’s challenges, limitations, and risks, and to develop strategies to address them. This proposal builds upon our previous work in North Carolina. The Specific Aims are to: 1) assess implementation, risks, and secondary benefits of the NCAA SCT screening policy and determine contributors to and implications of variation within these domains and 2) provide guidance on the current NCAA SCT policy and practice and other similar public health policies and practices. For Aim 1, data will be generated from online surveys and semi-structured telephone interviews with athletic staff and student-athletes at NCAA DI, DII, and DIII colleges and universities. For Aim 2, we will collaborate with the NCAA to convene a national summit involving selected stakeholders at institutional and policy levels to review the findings from Aim 1 and develop best practice recommendations for future implementation of the SCT screening policy. The proposed research will provide unprecedented and invaluable information on the procedures, perceptions, and outcomes of the NCAA SCT screening policy. It will uncover real and perceived benefits, risks, and effectiveness of the policy, and facilitate efforts to address the areas of concern. The project will also establish a useful empirical foundation for decision-making concerning future implementation of the NCAA policy and similar policies and programs aimed at preventing illness and protecting the public’s health.

抽象的 2010 年，美国大学体育协会 (NCAA) 采用了强制性镰状细胞特征 (SCT) 目前，所有学校都对一级（DI）学院和大学的学生运动员进行筛选政策。 NCAA 的三个部门正在实施该政策，迄今为止，已发表的研究还很少。关于学生运动员的 SCT 或 NCAA 筛选政策的实际实施许多重要内容。关于这一有争议的强制基因筛查计划的问题仍然存在。我们对北卡罗来纳州 NCAA DI 机构进行的一项初步研究结果表明：大多数学校的体育工作人员发现了解学生运动员的 SCT 状态很有帮助，但认为他们需要 NCAA 在政策实施方面提供更明确的指导和指示。一些体育工作人员和学生运动员认为黑人学生是唯一面临风险的人，应该对教练、运动训练员和学生运动员的教育很少。关于筛查所有学生运动员的原因在我们的样本中，只有大约少数患有 SCT 的学生运动员。一半的人根据他们的身份改变了他们参与运动的方式。调查结果提供了有关程序、观点和行为结果的重要信息美国某个州的一些机构需要更大、更具代表性的样本才能更好地了解这一情况。政策的挑战、局限性和风险，并制定解决这些问题的战略。该提案以我们之前在北卡罗来纳州的工作为基础。具体目标是：1) 评估。 NCAA SCT 筛查政策的实施、风险和次要好处并确定贡献者这些领域内的变化及其影响，2) 为当前 NCAA SCT 提供指导对于目标 1，将生成数据。来自对体育工作人员和学生运动员的在线调查和半结构化电话采访对于目标 2，我们将与 NCAA 合作召开一个 NCAA DI、DII 和 DIII 学院和大学会议。全国峰会涉及机构和政策层面选定的利益攸关方，以审查会议的调查结果目标 1 并为未来实施 SCT 筛查政策制定最佳实践建议。拟议的研究将提供有关程序的前所未有的宝贵信息， NCAA SCT 筛选政策的看法和结果它将揭示真实和感知的好处，政策的风险和有效性，并促进解决关注领域的工作。为有关 NCAA 未来实施的决策建立有用的经验基础政策以及旨在预防疾病和保护公众健康的类似政策和计划。