Genetic basis for host preference in Culex pipiens

淡色库蚊寄主偏好的遗传基础

• 批准号: 10199924
• 负责人: Megan Lindsay Fritz
• 金额: $ 38.93万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10199924
• 关键词: Alleles; Backcrossings; Behavior; Biological Assay; Birds; Bite; Blood; Chicago; Culex (Genus); Culex pipiens; Culicidae; Data; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Epidemiology; Feeding behaviors; Feeds; Future; Gene Family; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Polymorphism; Genome; Genomic Segment; Genomics; Geography; Habits; Human; Hybrids; Individual; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Link; Locales; Location; Mammals; Measures; Modeling; Molecular; New England; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Phenotype; Population; Population Genetics; Public Health; Research; Risk; Shapes; System; Testing; Vectorial capacity; Washington; West Nile virus; Work; Zoonoses; base; comparative genomics; disease transmission; enzootic; epidemiological model; epizootic; feeding; field study; genomic data; high risk; improved; metropolitan; novel; offspring; pathogen; predictive modeling; preference; product development; response; tool; trait; transmission process; urban area; vector; vector control; vector management strategies; viral transmission

Project Summary When seeking blood, mosquito species are often biased toward one host over others, and this can significantly impact their likelihood of transmitting disease to humans. It is becoming increasingly clear that host seeking biases are genomically based, but significant gaps in our knowledge of the exact genomic drivers of these biases still exist. In the case of Culex pipiens, very little is known about what genes drive host location and feeding behaviors, and yet they are the primary vectors of West Nile virus (WNV) to humans across the Northeastern United States. WNV is typically transmitted from bird to bird by the bite of a Cx. pipiens mosquito, but human outbreaks occur annually. The two inter-fertile forms of Cx. pipiens, known as true pipiens and molestus, complicate the WNV transmission picture. True pipiens breeds above ground and is thought to primarily feed on birds, while molestus breeds below ground near human habitations, and feeds on mammals, including humans. The current paradigm is that interbreeding between molestus and the above ground pipiens forms leads to heightened human WNV transmission. Our research aims to empirically test this paradigm by: 1) quantifying the behaviors of above ground pipiens, below ground molestus and their hybrids in response to avian and mammalian hosts, and linking host choices to underlying genomic regions in a laboratory setting, 2) field-collecting avian and mammal-fed Cx. pipiens to determine which regions of the mosquito genome are associated with divergent host feeding, and 3) using a well-established epidemiological model to measure the effect of hybridization between the avian- and mammalian-feeding forms of Cx. pipiens on WNV transmission risk in humans.

项目摘要 当寻求血液时，蚊子物种通常会偏向于一个宿主，而这可以 显着影响他们将疾病传播给人类的可能性。越来越清楚 寻求偏见的宿主是基因组基础的，但是我们对确切基因组驱动因素的了解的差距很大 这些偏见仍然存在。对于Culex Pipiens，关于哪些基因驱动宿主位置知之甚少 和喂养行为，但它们是西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的主要向量 美国东北部。 WNV通常通过CX的咬伤从鸟传播到鸟。 pipiens 蚊子，但人类暴发每年发生。 CX的两种卷间形式。 pipiens，被称为真实 pipiens和molestus使WNV传输图片复杂化。真正的pip在地上繁殖，是 被认为主要以鸟类为食，而molestus在人类居住附近的地下繁殖，并以 哺乳动物，包括人类。当前的范式是molestus和上面的杂种 地面果底形成导致人类WNV传播的增强。我们的研究旨在从经验上测试这一点 范式：1）量化地上索犬的行为，地下molestus及其杂种在 对禽和哺乳动物宿主的反应，并将宿主选择与A中的基因组区域联系起来 实验室环境，2）田间收集禽和哺乳动物喂养的CX。 pipiens确定哪些区域 蚊子基因组与发散宿主的喂养有关，3）使用良好的流行病学 测量CX的禽和哺乳动物喂养形式之间杂交的影响。 pipiens 关于人类的WNV传播风险。