Immunoprevention and immunosurveillance of human non-viral cancers

人类非病毒癌症的免疫预防和免疫监视

• 批准号: 9981703
• 负责人: Olivera J Finn
• 金额: $ 88.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9981703
• 关键词: Academia; Advanced Malignant Neoplasm; Attention; Basic Science; CA-15-3 Antigen; Cancer Control; Cancer Prevention Trial; Cancer Vaccines; Clinical; Clinical Data; Clinical Trials; Data; Development; Double-Blind Method; Epidemic; Feasibility Studies; Goals; Human; Immunologic Surveillance; Immunologist; Leadership; Learning; Lesion; Malignant Neoplasms; Molecular; Mucin 1 protein; Patients; Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell; Pharmacologic Substance; Placebos; Prevention; Preventive vaccine; Proteomics; Randomized; Research; Testing; Tissue Sample; Tumor Antigens; Vaccine Design; Vaccines; Work; base; cancer immunotherapy; cancer therapy; colon cancer risk; efficacy trial; high risk; pathogen; premalignant; programs; response; success; tumor immunology; universal vaccine; vaccine immunotherapy; vaccine trial

Abstract My research over the last 25 years has been unique in providing data and scientific leadership on the path towards a prevention vaccine for non-viral cancers. Cancer immunotherapy is now a reality and both academia and pharmaceutical companies are focusing on the next best treatment for advanced cancer. This is unfortunate given the fact that even as successful as some cancer immunotherapy was recently shown to be, it helps only a fraction of patients and cures even a smaller subset of those. It is also the most expensive cancer treatment making it less likely to be broadly available to all who need it around the world. What is needed to focus attention of the field on immunoprevention are a few clinical successes and relevant basic science data to help interpret those and point a path forward. My research has been providing such data. Currently I am providing first examples of preventative cancer vaccines in clinical trials. With my clinical colleagues, FDA approval and NCI support, I completed the first in the world clinical trial testing a vaccine based on a human tumor antigen MUC1 in people at high risk for colon cancer This feasibility study enabled the second, currently ongoing, multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled efficacy trial that will complete accrual in the Spring of 2016. In analyzing these trials we are obtaining new data, some of it very unexpected, important for the next set of preventative cancer vaccines that I am planning to develop, but also applicable to other vaccines and cancer immunotherapies. In the next seven years, my program will be focused on 1) Learning as much as possible from my first preventative vaccine trials; defining parameters controlling the response to and potential efficacy of the MUC1 vaccine through extensive molecular, cellular and proteomic analysis of PBMC and tissue samples; 2) Providing data in support of other premalignant lesions as candidates for preventative cancer vaccines and designing new cancer prevention trials; 3) Developing a universal vaccine for prevention and control of cancer as well as pathogens. Our work will hopefully encourage other cancer immunologists and immunotherapists to consider immunoprevention of non-viral cancers as an important approach to reducing the cancer epidemic.

抽象的 我过去 25 年的研究在提供数据和科学方面是独一无二的 在非病毒癌症预防疫苗的道路上发挥领导作用。癌症免疫治疗 现在已成为现实，学术界和制药公司都在关注下一个最佳方案 晚期癌症的治疗。这是不幸的，因为即使像某些人一样成功 最近的研究表明，癌症免疫疗法只能帮助一小部分患者，甚至可以治愈 其中较小的一个子集。它也是最昂贵的癌症治疗方法，因此不太可能 广泛提供给世界各地所有需要它的人。需要什么来引起该领域的关注 关于免疫预防的是一些临床成功和相关的基础科学数据来帮助解释 这些并指出前进的道路。我的研究一直在提供这样的数据。目前我是 提供临床试验中预防性癌症疫苗的第一个例子。以我的临床 同事们，在 FDA 的批准和 NCI 的支持下，我完成了世界上第一个临床试验测试 基于人类肿瘤抗原 MUC1 的疫苗，用于结肠癌高危人群 可行性研究启用了第二项目前正在进行的多中心、双盲、随机、 安慰剂对照功效试验将于 2016 年春季完成应计。在分析这些试验时 我们正在获得新的试验数据，其中一些数据非常出乎意料，但对于下一组数据很重要 我计划开发的预防性癌症疫苗，但也适用于其他疫苗 和癌症免疫疗法。在接下来的七年里，我的计划将侧重于 1）学习 尽可能多地从我的第一次预防性疫苗试验中获得；定义控制参数 通过广泛的分子、细胞和免疫反应对 MUC1 疫苗的反应和潜在功效 PBMC 和组织样本的蛋白质组学分析； 2) 提供支持其他癌前病变的数据 病变作为预防性癌症疫苗的候选者并设计新的癌症预防试验； 3）开发预防和控制癌症和病原体的通用疫苗。我们的 这项工作有望鼓励其他癌症免疫学家和免疫治疗师考虑 非病毒性癌症的免疫预防是减少癌症流行的重要方法。