The Effects of Diet on the Gut Microbiome and Short Chain Fatty Acids

饮食对肠道微生物组和短链脂肪酸的影响

• 批准号: 9920766
• 负责人: NOEL T MUELLER
• 金额: $ 16.9万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9920766
• 关键词: 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing; Acetates; Adolescent; Adopted; Affect; Ancillary Study; Animal Experiments; Area; Asians; Bacteria; Bacterial DNA; Bioinformatics; Blood Pressure; Butyrates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Cellular Phone; Child; Childhood; Cholesterol; Clinical Nutrition; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials Design; Communicable Diseases; Cross-Sectional Studies; DASH diet; DNA; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Development Plans; Diet; Diet Habits; Dietary Factors; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Intervention; Dietary Practices; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Domestic Fowls; Educational workshop; Enrollment; Environment; Epidemiology; Etiology; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feces; Fiber; Fishes; Funding; Future; Gas Chromatography; Gastroenterology; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Hispanics; Human; Human Genome; Infrastructure; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Intestines; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; Measures; Meat; Mediating; Medicine; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Modification; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Nuts; Observational Study; Participant; Plasma; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention therapy; Propionates; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Publishing; Race; Randomized; Reproducibility; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Role; Scientist; Sodium; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Volatile Fatty Acids; Work; aged; blood pressure reduction; boys; cardiometabolism; cardiovascular disorder prevention; career; career development; cohort; design; dietary guidelines; dysbiosis; epidemiology study; experience; experimental study; feeding; fruits and vegetables; girls; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; high dimensionality; innovation; meetings; microbial; microbial community; microbiome; microbiome analysis; microbiome composition; microbiome research; microbiota; microorganism; mouse model; novel; nutrition; prevent; professor; racial diversity; racial minority; randomized trial; recruit; saturated fat; sex; skills; success; trial design; uptake

PROJECT ABSTRACT Noel Theodore Mueller, PhD, MPH, is an Assistant Professor of Epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHSPH). He seeks a K01 Award to obtain the skill set, knowledge and mentored research experience critical for his transition from an early career scientist adept in conducting secondary data analyses in observational epidemiologic cohorts to an independent scientist who analyzes and conducts trials designed to intervene on microbial communities that contribute to cardiometabolic disease. Two essential components of his transition into research independence are hands-on mentored training in 1) the conduct and design of clinical trials and translational microbiome experiments and 2) the analysis and interpretation of high-dimensional microbiome data. The proposed K01 Career Development plan will accomplish these goals. One of the most exciting areas of investigation related to prevention of cardiometabolic disease pertains to the etiologic role of the diet-gut microbiome relationship. Research on the gut microbiome as a target for prevention and therapy is an intriguing arena for public health because unlike the human genome, the gut microbiome is modifiable. Observational studies, murine models and small trials suggest dietary factors may exert many of their health effects in the host through modification of the gut microbiota. However, large rigorous trials in humans are needed to determine the effect of diet interventions on the gut microbiota, and whether changes to the gut microbiota associate with treatment-related improvements in cardiometabolic health. The overall objective of this application is to examine the effects of dietary interventions on the gut microbiota and their short chain fatty acid metabolites in racially-diverse participants in randomized trial settings. A secondary objective is to explore if diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota and their metabolites are associated with changes in blood pressure. Dr. Mueller will carry out this research in the rich training environment of the Johns Hopkins Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research and the JHSPH Department of Epidemiology, under the collaborative and supportive mentorship of Dr. Lawrence Appel, MD, MPH, Director of the Welch Center and Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology at the JHSOM and JHSPH; and co-mentor Dr. Cynthia Sears, MD, Professor of Medicine in the Division of Infectious Disease and Gastroenterology. With the support of Dr. Mueller’s mentor, co-mentor and advisors, he is well positioned to complete the proposed activities. In addition to leading this research, Dr. Mueller will attend courses, workshops, seminars, scientific meetings, and participate in weekly study activities with his mentors. This mentored training will enable Dr. Mueller to grow into an independent researcher, with expertise in the design, conduct and analysis of microbiome studies, focused on understanding the intersecting role of nutrition and the microbiome in cardiometabolic diseases.

项目摘要 Noel Theodore Mueller博士，MPH博士是约翰·霍普金斯彭博公共卫生学院（JHSPH）的流行病学助理教授。他寻求K01奖，以获取从早期职业科学家过渡至关重要的技能，知识和指导研究经验，善于对观察性流行病学同伙进行二级数据分析，向独立科学家进行分析和进行旨在干预旨在促进心脏分裂代谢性疾病的微生物社区的试验。他过渡到研究独立性的两个基本组成部分是在1）临床试验和翻译微生物组实验的行为和设计中进行动手培训，以及2）高维微生物组数据的分析和解释。拟议的K01职业发展计划将实现这些目标。 与饮食中微生物组关系的病因作用有关的预防心脏代谢疾病有关的最令人兴奋的调查领域之一。肠道微生物组作为预防和治疗的靶标的研究是一个有趣的公共卫生领域，因为与人类基因组不同，肠道微生物组是可修改的。观察性研究，鼠模型和小型试验表明，饮食因素可能通过修饰肠道微生物群在宿主中执行许多健康影响。但是，需要进行大量严格的人类试验，以确定饮食干预对肠道菌群的影响，以及对肠道微生物群的变化是否与与治疗相关的心脏代谢健康的改善相关。该应用的总体目的是检查饮食干预对肠道菌群及其短链脂肪酸代谢物在随机试验环境中的多样性参与者中的影响。第二个目标是探索饮食诱导的肠道菌群的变化及其代谢物与血压变化有关。 Mueller博士将在约翰·霍普金斯·韦尔奇（John Hopkins Welch）预防，流行病学和临床研究中心的丰富培训环境以及JHSPH流行病学系的丰富培训环境中，在MD的合作和支持性心理下，医学博士，MPH，MPH，Welch Center，Welch Center，Welch Center，Medicine＆Spepemiologicy in the JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM和JHSOM;以及传染病和胃肠病学科学教授辛西娅·西尔斯（Cynthia Sears）博士。在Mueller博士的心理，联合和顾问的支持下，他有能力完成拟议的活动。除了领导这项研究外，穆勒博士还将参加课程，讲习班，半岛，科学会议，并以他的精神参加每周的学习活动。这项门会培训将使穆勒博士能够成长为独立的研究人员，并在微生物组研究的设计，进行和分析方面具有专业知识，重点是了解营养和微生物组在心脏代谢疾病中的相交作用。