Multisensory Integration for Food Perception and Behavior in Drosophila

果蝇食物感知和行为的多感官整合

基本信息

批准号：
8734423
负责人：
PING SHEN
金额：
$ 18.64万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-15 至 2016-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8734423
关键词：
Affect Animals Ants Appetitive Behavior Behavior Behavioral Biological Assay Brain Butterflies Complex Cues Desire for food Dopamine Drosophila genus Eating Feeding behaviors Food Genetic Glucose Glycine Human Hunger Hyperphagia Individual Insecta Insulin Invertebrates Knowledge Larva Mammals Mediating Modality Modeling Molecular Genetics Names Neuraxis Neurobiology Neurons Neuropeptides Neurotransmitters Nutritional Odors Oral cavity Organism Outcome Outcome Study Perception Process Rewards Sensory Social isolation Stimulus Stress System Taste Perception Testing Vinegar Visual Work amyl acetate behavior influence dopamine system dopaminergic neuron experience feeding fly follow-up food quality insight interest multisensory nervous system disorder neurochemistry novel pleasure public health relevance relating to nervous system response sex sugar tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The sensory world of animals and humans alike is enormously complex. Our current understanding of how multisensory inputs are processed in the brain for perception and behavior remains rudimentary at best in any animals. The genetically tractable Drosophila larva offers a unique opportunity for behavioral and neurobiological studies of the integration of multiple sensory modalities for perception and behavior. Fly larvae display a rich repertoire of complex behaviors, and have a highly evolved yet numerically simple central nervous system (CNS). The brain of fly larvae shares many similarities with the human brain including two hemispheres with high local clustering of neurons (also named the local processing unit or LPU) and long-range projections, six major neurotransmitters, a variety of neuropeptides. An increasingly large set of powerful molecular genetic and neurobiological tools available will further allow us to perform in- depth follow-up studies of the neural substrates and processes underlying a neural process or behavior of interest. We have recently shown that like in mammals, attractive food odors elicited reward-driven overeating of readily accessible sugar-rich food in Drosophila larvae. Deficiencies in the dopamine (DA) system blocked the capacity of the appetitive odor to elicit the appetitive behavior. We have also identified a small number of third-order olfactory neurons that synthesize DA. Activation of these DA neurons mimicked the behavioral effect of appetitive odor stimulation. On the other hand, the OA system mediates larval feeding response to readily available sugar media. This application will be focused on exploring multisensory integration for food perception and behavior in the fly larva model by testing several key aspects of a novel working model. The proposal has two specific aims: 1) behavioral and neurobiological studies of integration of multiple olfactory and gustatory modalities in modulating appetite for palatable food; 2) analyses of the effects of brain states on integration of olfactory and gustatory modalities in modulating appetite for palatable food. We expect that the successful outcomes of these studies will provide novel insights into integration of different olfactory and gustatory modalities in modulating appetite for palatable food. Furthermore, the knowledge gained from these studies will contribute to the general understanding of the integration of multisensory modalities for perception and behavior as well as related neurological disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：动物和人类的感官世界都非常复杂。我们目前对大脑如何处理多感官输入以进行感知和行为的理解对于任何动物来说充其量仍然是初级的。遗传上易驯化的果蝇幼虫为感知和行为的多种感觉方式的整合的行为和神经生物学研究提供了独特的机会。苍蝇幼虫表现出丰富的复杂行为，并具有高度进化但数字简单的中枢神经系统（CNS）。苍蝇幼虫的大脑与人类大脑有许多相似之处，包括两个具有高度局部神经元聚集（也称为局部处理单元或 LPU）和远程投射的半球、六种主要神经递质、多种神经肽。越来越多的强大的分子遗传学和神经生物学工具将进一步使我们能够对感兴趣的神经过程或行为的神经基质和过程进行深入的后续研究。我们最近发现，与哺乳动物一样，诱人的食物气味会导致果蝇幼虫以奖励为导向，过度食用容易获得的富含糖分的食物。多巴胺（DA）系统的缺陷阻碍了食欲气味引发食欲行为的能力。我们还鉴定出了少量合成 DA 的三级嗅觉神经元。这些 DA 神经元的激活模仿了食欲气味刺激的行为效果。另一方面，OA 系统介导幼虫对现成糖培养基的摄食反应。该应用程序将重点通过测试新型工作模型的几个关键方面来探索苍蝇幼虫模型中食物感知和行为的多感官整合。该提案有两个具体目标：1）整合多种嗅觉和味觉模式来调节对美味食物的食欲的行为和神经生物学研究； 2）分析大脑状态对嗅觉和味觉模式整合对调节美味食物食欲的影响。我们期望这些研究的成功结果将为整合不同的嗅觉和味觉方式来调节对美味食物的食欲提供新的见解。此外，从这些研究中获得的知识将有助于对感知和行为的多感觉模式的整合以及相关神经系统疾病的总体理解。