The impact of HAI on typical and atypical child development and health

HAI 对典型和非典型儿童发育和健康的影响

• 批准号: 9900315
• 负责人: ANNE M GADOMSKI
• 金额: $ 21.78万
• 依托单位: MARY IMOGENE BASSETT HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-19 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9900315
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Age; Animals; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Buffers; Canis familiaris; Caring; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Childhood; Clinic; Code; Computerized Medical Record; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cues; DSM-IV; Data Set; Depressed mood; Depressive disorder; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Elderly; Emotional; Emotional disorder; Enrollment; Evolution; Exhibits; Exposure to; Felis catus; Follow-Up Studies; Fright; Funding; Gender; Goals; Home environment; Human; Hydrocortisone; Impairment; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Low Prevalence; Major Depressive Disorder; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Modeling; Mood Disorders; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neurosecretory Systems; Outcome; Ownership; Oxytocin; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Primary Health Care; Problem behavior; Reporting; Research; Sampling; School Phobias; Secondary Prevention; Separation Anxiety; Social Phobia; Source; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Symptoms; Teenagers; Time; Underachievement; Visit; Withdrawal; Youth; age group; anxiety symptoms; anxious; base; childhood anxiety; comparison group; depressive symptoms; evidence base; follow-up; instrument; longitudinal analysis; mental development; mental health counseling; pet animal; prevent; recruit; research study; response; rural health network; secondary analysis; social anxiety; social relationships; social stigma; symptomatology

Project Summary/Abstract Anxiety is the most prevalent childhood mental health disorder (Kessler 2012). Because childhood anxiety disorders can be disabling and often persist into adulthood, addressing these conditions early in childhood is an important target for secondary prevention. The recently reported 51% increase in major depressive disorder among teens ages 12-17 from 2005 to 2017 (8.7% to 13.2%) (Twenge 2019) underscores the importance of addressing mental health (MH) problems in this age group. It is not known what impact pets have on sub-threshold or as yet undiagnosed child behavioral and emotional problems, or the development of MH disorders. Because pet dogs may be salient agents for child emotional development, they may ameliorate childhood anxiety or mood disorders through attachment. If so, positive child-dog interactions could prevent the evolution of these problems into full-fledged MH disorders in adolescence or later life. Our prior cross-sectional human animal interaction study funded by NICHD showed that children with pet dogs had lower anxiety scores (for separation and social anxiety) than children without pet dogs. The current study will be a 7.5 year follow-up of these children who now range in age from 11-17 years. Of the original sample, 85% (544) have had at least one visit in our rural health network in the past year, which enables us to contact and follow-up these youth. Using the electronic medical record (EMR), we will determine whether youth with pet dog exposure have a lower prevalence of MH diagnoses 7.5 years later relative to the comparison group without pet dog exposure. We will also analyze parent or youth self-reported symptom measures ascertained at follow-up using validated instruments to detect subthreshold levels of mood disorders or threshold level but as yet unrecognized or diagnosed MH problems that lead to significant impairment. Given the lack of information about the effects of a pet cat on childhood MH and development, the same analysis will be applied to youth with pet cat exposure compared to youth without pets. This R21 application leverages our prior RO-3 results to conduct a naturalistic, longitudinal analysis of the relationship between pet dog or cat exposure and subsequent development of teen MH symptoms and illness. This follow-up study captures the full spectrum of mental illness from subthreshold to unrecognized threshold MH symptoms to MH diagnosis in these teens. Analysis will include adjustment for a large number of potential covariates. The results will enable future research studies to focus on specific MH diagnosis and/or symptomatology as a next step in elucidating underlying mechanisms in HAI, as well as develop evidence based advice that clinicians can relay to parents.

项目摘要/摘要 焦虑是最普遍的儿童精神健康障碍（Kessler 2012）。因为 儿童期焦虑症可能是致残的，并且经常持续到成年，解决这些问题 儿童早期的状况是预防二级预防的重要目标。最近 据报道，从2005年到12-17岁的青少年，重度抑郁症增加了51％ 2017年（8.7％至13.2％）（Twenge 2019）强调了解决心理健康的重要性 （MH）这个年龄段的问题。尚不知道宠物对亚阈值有什么影响或 然而未诊断的儿童行为和情感问题或MH疾病的发展。 因为宠物狗可能是儿童情绪发育的重要代理商，所以它们可能会改善 儿童时期的焦虑或情绪障碍通过依恋。如果是这样，积极的儿童狗互动 可以防止在青春期或 以后的生活。我们先前由NICHD资助的横断面人类动物互动研究表明 那些有宠物狗的孩子的焦虑得分较低（分居和社交焦虑） 没有宠物狗的孩子。当前的研究将是这些孩子的7。5年随访 现在的年龄从11-17岁不等。在原始样本中，85％（544）至少有一个 在过去的一年中，访问我们的农村健康网络，这使我们能够联系并跟进这些 青年。使用电子病历（EMR），我们将确定是否有宠物狗的青年 相对于比较，暴露于7。5年后的MH诊断患病率较低 没有宠物狗暴露的小组。我们还将分析父母或青年自我报告的症状 使用经过验证的工具在随访时确定的措施来检测子阈值的水平 情绪障碍或阈值水平，但尚未被识别或诊断出的MH问题 严重损害。鉴于缺乏有关宠物猫影响的信息 童年MH和开发，将对宠物猫的青年进行相同的分析 与没有宠物的青年相比，接触。此R21应用程序利用了我们先前的RO-3结果 对宠物狗或猫之间的关系进行自然主义的纵向分析 接触和随后的青少年MH症状和疾病的发展。这项后续研究 捕获从子阈值到未识别的阈值MH的全部精神疾病 这些青少年的MH诊断症状。分析将包括大量调整 潜在的协变量。结果将使未来的研究能够专注于特定的MH 诊断和/或症状学作为阐明HAI的潜在机制的下一步 以及开发基于证据的建议，即临床医生可以将父母传递给父母。