Advancing Measurement and Analysis of Sensitive Behaviors in the United States

推进美国敏感行为的测量和分析

• 批准号: 9769834
• 负责人: Laura D Lindberg
• 金额: $ 43.42万
• 依托单位: GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9769834
• 关键词: Abortion Laws; Affect; American; Behavior; Birth; Climate; Data; Data Collection; Development; Evaluation; Family; Fertility; Focus Groups; Future; Growth; Household; Incentives; Individual; Induced Abortion; Internet; Interviewer; Investigation; Lead; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Monitor; National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth; Pattern; Policies; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Histories; Public Health; Qualitative Research; Randomized; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Respondent; Role; Self Administration; Social Environment; Stigmatization; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; abortion; adolescent health; behavioral health; cognitive interview; data resource; design; evidence base; experience; experimental arm; experimental study; health goals; improved; insight; longitudinal design; meetings; men; novel strategies; public health relevance; reproductive; social; unintended pregnancy

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pervasive underreporting of abortion in our nation's primary fertility-related surveys compromises the study of abortion, pregnancy and fertility. Relatively little is known about the role of induced abortion in American fertility because it remains a highly sensitive behavior, and social surveys to date have not been able to elicit accurate reporting of women's pregnancy experiences. Researchers have long recognized the underreporting of abortion in U.S. household surveys, but no substantial progress in improving the quality of women's abortion reports has been made in nearly twenty years. To obtain accurate measures of U.S. fertility behaviors and to understand the role of abortion in women's lives, we propose to develop new techniques and improve existing methodologies for measuring abortion reporting, with findings relevant to improvements in the measurement of other sensitive behaviors. This project will focus on two related objectives. Aim 1 will investigate levels and correlates of abortion underreporting in three widely-used nationally representative surveys. Using a number of National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) data resources, we will identify individual- and contextual-level correlates of underreporting, exploiting rarely- used geocoded measures of social context. Additionally, we will examine discrepancies in reporting by survey mode for women and men, and the impact of survey-level factors drawn from interviewer and administrative reports. We will compare the patterns of women's underreporting between the NSFG and two other major nationally-representative fertility surveys with varied abortion question wordings and means of administration (National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health [Add Health]). Finally, we will examine the consistency of retrospective reporting of prior abortions at two points in time for both women and men, utilizing the repeated measurement of full pregnancy histories in Add Health. Aim 2 will develop, test and evaluate new approaches to improve abortion reporting in future surveys. We will develop strategies to reduce sensitivity of reporting, building on findings from Aim 1, cognitive interviews and focus groups, and analysis of initial experimental tests currently under development. These findings and guidance from an Expert Panel will be used to design and test 10 randomized experimental arms in a national internet survey. Our initial plans for the experimental arms are to test the effect on abortion reporting of different question wordings and the placement of the questions within the survey. These findings will move the fields of fertility behaviors and survey methodology forward by significantly improving the measurement of abortion and other sensitive behaviors in the United States, thereby opening up wider possibilities for research.

 描述（由适用提供）：在我们国家初级生育有关的调查中流产的普遍报道损害了堕胎，妊娠和生育能力的研究。关于诱导堕胎在美国生育能力中的作用相对鲜为人知，因为它仍然是一种高度敏感的行为，迄今为止，社会调查无法准确地报告妇女的怀孕经历。长期以来，研究人员已经认识到在美国家庭调查中堕胎的报道不足，但是在近20年内，在提高妇女堕胎报告质量方面没有实质性进展。为了获得对美国生育行为的准确度量，并了解堕胎在妇女生活中的作用，我们建议开发新技术并改善现有的量流产报告方法，以及与改善其他敏感行为的改善有关的发现。该项目将集中在两个相关对象上。 AIM 1将调查在三项广泛使用的全国代表性调查中报告的流产水平和相关性。使用许多国家对家庭增长（NSFG）数据资源的调查，我们将确定个人和上下文级别的相关性不足的报告，利用很少使用的社会环境的地理编码度量。此外，我们将研究男女的调查模式报告中的差异，以及从访调员和行政报告中得出的调查级别因素的影响。我们将比较NSFG与其他两项主要具有国家代表性的生育能力调查与堕胎疑问单词和行政的多样性（全国对青年纵向调查以及国家对青少年健康纵向研究的国家纵向调查[ADD HEALTY]）。最后，我们将使用对全怀孕史的重复测量，以增加健康状况，研究男女在两个时间点上对先前堕胎的回顾性报告的一致性。 AIM 2将开发，测试和评估新方法以改善未来调查中的堕胎报告。我们将制定策略来降低报告的敏感性，基于AIM 1的发现，认知访谈和焦点小组的发现以及对当前正在开发的初始实验测试的分析。专家小组的这些发现和指导将用于在全国互联网调查中设计和测试10个随机实验组。我们针对实验组的最初计划是测试对不同问题单词的流产报告的影响，并在调查中放置问题。这些发现将通过显着改善美国堕胎和其他敏感行为的测量，从而推动生育行为和调查方法的领域，从而开辟了更广泛的研究可能性。