The interplay of social, normative, and legal marijuana environments and marijuana and ATOD use from late childhood to young adulthood

社会、规范和法律大麻环境与从儿童晚期到成年早期大麻和 ATOD 使用的相互作用

• 批准号: 9766261
• 负责人: Margaret Kuklinski
• 金额: $ 95.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-23 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9766261
• 关键词: 21 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adoption; Adult; Age; Alcohols; Attitude; Behavior; Belief; Buffers; Childhood; Communities; Communities That Care; Complex; Costs and Benefits; Crime; Data; Development; Disease; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Evidence based program; Exposure to; Family; Female; Friends; Funding; Gender; Growth; Individual; Intervention; Latino; Laws; Legal; Legal Status; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Long-Term Effects; Marijuana; Mediating; Mediation; Medical Marijuana; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Research; Risk Factors; Role; Social Environment; Social Interaction; System; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Variant; Violence; Work; Youth; addiction; adolescent drug use; alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use; antisocial behavior; base; behavioral health; cohort; drug misuse; drug use behavior; drugged driving; ethnic diversity; health economics; improved; intimate partner violence; longitudinal analysis; male; marijuana decriminalization; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; member; peer; permissiveness; pressure; prevent; primary outcome; protective factors; randomized trial; response; secondary outcome; sex; sexual risk behavior; social; theories; young adult

With greater availability of legal marijuana and growing support for marijuana legalization, there is concern that we will see an increase in youth and young adult marijuana and alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) use and associated negative consequences (e.g., drugged driving, addiction) including difficulties with a successful transition to adulthood. It is unclear from existing research why, when, and for whom marijuana and other drug use is changing in response to increasing normative and legal permissiveness toward marijuana use. A narrow definition of marijuana environment based on laws and policies alone may have contributed to mixed findings. Based on social ecological and developmental theories, this study examines how marijuana use norms and behaviors in multiple social contexts (e.g., peer, family, and community) interact with the legal marijuana context. Understanding how the dynamic interplay between social, normative, and legal factors creates the marijuana environments in which individuals are embedded and develop drug use behavior will identify malleable targets for preventive interventions and appropriate public health approaches in the legalized context. The study examines data from a unique longitudinal panel of current young adults (n=4407, age 23 in 2016) whose drug use attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors have been developing in the context of changing normative and legal marijuana environments. This gender-balanced panel has been followed since grade 5 in a community-randomized trial of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system in 24 small towns in 7 states. The trial showed CTC to be effective in reducing risk factors, drug use, delinquency, and violence, some of them through age 23. Given the sustained effects, it is important to examine continued long-term effects of CTC in young adulthood. Because CTC aims to strengthen the community’s norms against youth drug use and antisocial behavior, CTC may be a preventive strategy that can alter individuals’ normative marijuana environments. If CTC can move a community’s youth onto healthier life-long trajectories, CTC would contribute to long-term improved individual and public health. The specific aims of the study are to (1) examine how the interplay of social, normative, and legal contexts defines individuals’ marijuana environments from late childhood through young adulthood (age 11 to 27), (2) examine whether, when, and for whom (e.g., males or females, Latinos or non-Latinos) multi-contextual marijuana environments increase marijuana and ATOD use and misuse from age 11 to 27 and interfere with the adoption of adult roles, and (3) examine long-term effects of CTC on marijuana and ATOD use and misuse at ages 25 and 27 in the context of changing marijuana environments. The study uses multilevel longitudinal analysis methods (e.g., growth and time-varying effect modeling) to examine the use, misuse, disorder, concurrent, and simultaneous use of marijuana and ATODs. The study will collect 2 new waves of data at ages 25 and 27 to examine relationships through the late 20s when drug use normally declines.

随着法律大麻的更多可用性和对大麻合法化的越来越多的支持，令人担忧 我们将看到青年和年轻大麻和酒精，烟草和其他药物（ATOD）的增加 使用和相关的负面后果（例如，吸毒驾驶，成瘾），包括困难 成功过渡到成年。从现有研究中不清楚为什么，何时以及为谁和谁 其他毒品使用正在改变，以应对对大麻的正常和法律允许的增加 使用。仅根据法律和政策，对大麻环境的狭义定义可能有助于 混合发现。基于社会生态和发展理论，本研究考试大麻如何 在多种社会环境（例如，同伴，家庭和社区）中使用规范和行为与法律互动 大麻环境。了解社会，正常和法律因素之间的动态相互作用 创建嵌入个人并发展毒品行为的大麻环境将 确定合法化的预防干预措施和适当公共卫生方法的可延展目标 语境。该研究检查来自当前年轻人独特纵向面板的数据（n = 4407，年龄23岁 2016年）在改变的背景下，其吸毒的出现，信仰和行为一直在发展 正常和合法的大麻环境。自从5年级以来，该性别平衡的面板已被遵循 在24个小城镇中，对社区（CTC）预防系统的社区随机试验 国家。该试验表明，CTC可有效减少危险因素，吸毒，犯罪和暴力， 他们中的一些人直到23岁。鉴于持续的影响，重要的是检查持续的长期 CTC在成年期的影响。因为CTC旨在加强社区对青年的规范 药物使用和反社会行为，CTC可能是一种可以改变个人正常的预防策略 大麻环境。如果CTC可以将社区的年轻人转移到更健康的终身轨迹上，CTC将会 为长期改善的个人和公共卫生做出贡献。研究的具体目的是（1）检查 社会，正常和法律环境的相互作用如何定义个人的大麻环境 童年至年轻人（11至27岁），（2）检查是，何时和谁（例如，男性或 女性，拉丁美洲裔或非拉丁诺斯）多上下文大麻环境增加了大麻和ATOD的使用 从11岁到27岁开始滥用，并干扰采用成人角色，（3）检查长期影响 在改变大麻的情况下，在25岁和27岁时使用和滥用ATOD的CTC 环境。该研究使用多级纵向分析方法（例如，生长和时变效应 建模）检查大麻和Atods的使用，滥用，混乱，并发和简单使用。 该研究将在25岁和27岁时收集2个新的数据浪潮，以检查20年代末的关系 当药物使用通常下降时。