The interplay of social, normative, and legal marijuana environments and marijuana and ATOD use from late childhood to young adulthood

社会、规范和法律大麻环境与从儿童晚期到成年早期大麻和 ATOD 使用的相互作用

• 批准号: 9766261
• 负责人: Margaret Kuklinski
• 金额: $ 95.28万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-23 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9766261
• 关键词: 21 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adoption; Adult; Age; Alcohols; Attitude; Behavior; Belief; Buffers; Childhood; Communities; Communities That Care; Complex; Costs and Benefits; Crime; Data; Development; Disease; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Evidence based program; Exposure to; Family; Female; Friends; Funding; Gender; Growth; Individual; Intervention; Latino; Laws; Legal; Legal Status; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Long-Term Effects; Marijuana; Mediating; Mediation; Medical Marijuana; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Research; Risk Factors; Role; Social Environment; Social Interaction; System; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Variant; Violence; Work; Youth; addiction; adolescent drug use; alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use; antisocial behavior; base; behavioral health; cohort; drug misuse; drug use behavior; drugged driving; ethnic diversity; health economics; improved; intimate partner violence; longitudinal analysis; male; marijuana decriminalization; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; member; peer; permissiveness; pressure; prevent; primary outcome; protective factors; randomized trial; response; secondary outcome; sex; sexual risk behavior; social; theories; young adult

With greater availability of legal marijuana and growing support for marijuana legalization, there is concern that we will see an increase in youth and young adult marijuana and alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) use and associated negative consequences (e.g., drugged driving, addiction) including difficulties with a successful transition to adulthood. It is unclear from existing research why, when, and for whom marijuana and other drug use is changing in response to increasing normative and legal permissiveness toward marijuana use. A narrow definition of marijuana environment based on laws and policies alone may have contributed to mixed findings. Based on social ecological and developmental theories, this study examines how marijuana use norms and behaviors in multiple social contexts (e.g., peer, family, and community) interact with the legal marijuana context. Understanding how the dynamic interplay between social, normative, and legal factors creates the marijuana environments in which individuals are embedded and develop drug use behavior will identify malleable targets for preventive interventions and appropriate public health approaches in the legalized context. The study examines data from a unique longitudinal panel of current young adults (n=4407, age 23 in 2016) whose drug use attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors have been developing in the context of changing normative and legal marijuana environments. This gender-balanced panel has been followed since grade 5 in a community-randomized trial of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system in 24 small towns in 7 states. The trial showed CTC to be effective in reducing risk factors, drug use, delinquency, and violence, some of them through age 23. Given the sustained effects, it is important to examine continued long-term effects of CTC in young adulthood. Because CTC aims to strengthen the community’s norms against youth drug use and antisocial behavior, CTC may be a preventive strategy that can alter individuals’ normative marijuana environments. If CTC can move a community’s youth onto healthier life-long trajectories, CTC would contribute to long-term improved individual and public health. The specific aims of the study are to (1) examine how the interplay of social, normative, and legal contexts defines individuals’ marijuana environments from late childhood through young adulthood (age 11 to 27), (2) examine whether, when, and for whom (e.g., males or females, Latinos or non-Latinos) multi-contextual marijuana environments increase marijuana and ATOD use and misuse from age 11 to 27 and interfere with the adoption of adult roles, and (3) examine long-term effects of CTC on marijuana and ATOD use and misuse at ages 25 and 27 in the context of changing marijuana environments. The study uses multilevel longitudinal analysis methods (e.g., growth and time-varying effect modeling) to examine the use, misuse, disorder, concurrent, and simultaneous use of marijuana and ATODs. The study will collect 2 new waves of data at ages 25 and 27 to examine relationships through the late 20s when drug use normally declines.

随着合法大麻的供应量增加以及对大麻合法化的支持不断增加，人们开始担心 我们将看到青少年和青少年吸食大麻以及酒精、烟草和其他毒品的数量增加 (ATOD) 使用和相关的负面后果（例如，药后驾驶、成瘾），包括使用困难 现有研究尚不清楚为什么、何时以及为谁吸食大麻。 随着对大麻的规范和法律许可的增加，其他药物的使用正在发生变化 仅基于法律和政策对大麻环境的狭隘定义可能导致了这一问题。 基于社会生态和发展理论，本研究探讨了大麻如何影响健康。 在多种社会环境（例如同伴、家庭和社区）中使用规范和行为 与法律互动 了解社会、规范和法律因素之间的动态相互作用。 创造个人融入的大麻环境并发展吸毒行为 确定预防性干预措施的可塑目标和合法化的适当公共卫生方法 该研究调查了当前年轻人（n=4407，年龄 23 岁）的独特纵向小组的数据。 2016）他们的吸毒态度、信念和行为是在不断变化的背景下发展起来的 规范和合法的大麻环境从五年级开始就一直在遵循这个性别平衡的小组。 在 7 个国家的 24 个小镇对关怀社区 (CTC) 预防系统进行了社区随机试验 试验表明 CTC 可以有效减少危险因素、吸毒、犯罪和暴力， 其中一些持续到 23 岁。考虑到持续影响，重要的是要检查持续的长期影响 因为 CTC 旨在加强社区针对青少年的规范。 药物使用和反社会行为，CTC 可能是一种预防策略，可以改变个人的规范 如果 CTC 能够让社区的年轻人走上更健康的终身轨迹，CTC 就会这么做。 有助于长期改善个人和公共健康。该研究的具体目的是（1）检查。 社会、规范和法律背景的相互作用如何定义个人的大麻环境 从童年到成年早期（11 至 27 岁），(2) 检查是否、何时以及为谁（例如男性或 女性、拉丁裔或非拉丁裔）多情境大麻环境增加了大麻和 ATOD 的使用 11 至 27 岁之间的滥用并干扰成人角色的采用，以及 (3) 检查长期影响 CTC 关于在改变大麻的背景下 25 岁和 27 岁吸食大麻和 ATOD 的问题 该研究使用多层次纵向分析方法（例如，增长和时变效应） 模型）来检查大麻和 ATOD 的使用、误用、紊乱、并发和同时使用。 该研究将收集 25 岁和 27 岁的两波新数据，以检验 20 多岁的人际关系 当药物使用量正常下降时。