Engaging Working Memory and Distress Tolerance to Aid Smoking Cessation

调动工作记忆和抗压能力来帮助戒烟

基本信息

批准号：
9767106
负责人：
Michael W. Otto
金额：
$ 20.98万
依托单位：
BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9767106
关键词：
American Attention Back Behavior Control Biological Assay Clinical Cognitive Digit structure Emotional Emotions Exposure to Face Failure Goals Health behavior Impairment Individual Informal Social Control Intervention Investigational Therapies Knowledge Laboratories Link Low income Measures Mindfulness Training Modeling Modification Nicotine Nicotine Withdrawal Outcome Persons Population Characteristics Process Protocols documentation Psychological reinforcement Publishing Regulation Relapse Research Risk Risk Factors Schedule Self-control as a personality trait Severities Short-Term Memory Smoke Smoker Smoking Socioeconomic Status Stress Therapeutic Time Withdrawal Withdrawal Symptom Work anxiety sensitivity base behavior change cigarette smoke clinically relevant craving deprivation distress tolerance emotional behavior evidence base improved innovation low socioeconomic status mindfulness mindfulness intervention negative affect nicotine use novel relapse risk resilience smoking cessation smoking prevalence stress reactivity stress resilience stress symptom stressor therapy development

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Recent estimates indicate that both low income and educational attainment are among the strongest predictors of both smoking prevalence and continued smoking. Treatment development is limited by inadequate knowledge of the specific lapse/relapse-relevant vulnerabilities characteristic of these populations (i.e, the processes that underpin lapse/relapse). Recently, we published a comprehensive model of the way in which these cognitive and emotional vulnerabilities--lower WMC and elevated AS--represent separate liabilities for negative health behaviors and self-control lapses, particularly under conditions of stress. The interactive models we propose suggest that interventions targeting only some of these vulnerabilities will leave smokers at risk for cessation failure. Accordingly, interventions that can engage these multiple vulnerabilities have the potential to greatly benefit at-risk subsamples of smokers, such as low SES smokers. Accordingly, this project is devoted to using an experimental therapeutics approach to show: (1) that a standard mindfulness intervention, and a mindfulness intervention modified in accordance with crucial preliminary work (Mindfulness+IE), have the ability to differentially engage these triple risk mechanistic targets, and (2) that the degree to which these putative triple risk targets are engaged produces a desired change in a health behavior, using a laboratory model of smoking risk burden and lapse potential. An innovative approach for understanding risk for relapse in smokers undergoing a quit attempt is to examine candidate mechanistic targets assessed not only during nicotine use, but during the conditions smokers will face upon a cessation attempt – during nicotine deprivation windows. In particular, we intend to show the incremental value of assessments during deprivation windows, in part due to the way in which triple vulnerabilities are modified by and interact with the heightened stress and withdrawal symptoms inherent to nicotine deprivation states in smokers. We also intent to show that a novel mindfulness intervention (Mindfulness+IE) can rescue limitations of standard mindfulness interventions, by extending therapeutic gains to the modification of mechanistic targets assessed in high-stress contexts. The overall goal is to validate mechanistic targets and associated interventions for the purpose of expanding treatment options for particularly at-risk smokers.

项目摘要/摘要最近的估计表明，低收入和教育程度都是强大的吸烟流行和持续吸烟的预测因素。治疗开发受到限制对这些人群的特定漏洞/相关漏洞的特定知识不足（即，基于失误/复发的过程）。最近，我们发布了一个全面的方式模型这些认知和情感上的脆弱性 - 较低的WMC，并提高为 - 代表单独的负债对于负面的健康行为和自我控制的失误，特别是在压力条件下。交互式我们建议的模型表明，针对其中一些漏洞的干预措施将使吸烟者处于停止失败的风险。根据某些确定，可以参与这些多重漏洞的干预措施具有有可能使吸烟者的危险中样本（例如吸烟者）受益。根据这个项目专门用于使用实验疗法的方法来显示：（1）标准正念干预以及根据关键初步工作修改的正念干预措施（正念+IE），具有不同参与这些三重风险机械目标的能力，（2）这些推定的三重风险目标与之参与的程度在健康行为中产生了预期的变化，使用吸烟风险燃烧和失效潜力的实验室模型。一种创新的理解方法戒烟试图的吸烟者缓解风险是检查评估的候选机理目标不仅在尼古丁使用期间，在这种情况下，吸烟者会在戒烟尝试时面对尼古丁剥夺窗口。特别是，我们打算显示评估的增量价值剥夺窗口，部分是由于三重漏洞被修改并与增加了吸烟者尼古丁剥夺状态固有的压力和戒断症状。我们也有意为了证明一种新颖的正念干预（正念+IE）可以挽救标准正念的限制干预措施，通过将治疗的收益扩展到修改高压力评估的机械靶标上下文。总体目标是验证机械目标和相关干预措施扩大治疗方案，特别是高危吸烟者。