The Relations Between Neighborhood and Family Factors in the Healthy Development of African American Youth

非裔美国青年健康发展中邻里与家庭因素的关系

• 批准号: 9889156
• 负责人: Meeta Banerjee
• 金额: $ 14.5万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NORTHRIDGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-07 至 2020-08-24
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9889156
• 关键词: 17 year old; 5 year old; Achievement; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adoption; African American; Age; Aggressive behavior; Anxiety; Area; Attitude; Awareness; Belief; Characteristics; Child; Cluster Analysis; Collection; Color; Communities; Community Surveys; Crime; Data; Development; Dimensions; Environment; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Family; Future; Goals; Health; Home environment; Individual; Intervention; Lead; Link; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pattern; Perception; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Poverty; Prevention; Psychological Stress; Race; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Socialization; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stress; Structure; Subgroup; Testing; Violence; Well in self; Work; Youth; base; cohesion; coping; coping mechanism; early adolescence; ethnic minority population; evidence base; experience; health disparity; improved; middle childhood; neighborhood safety; parental monitoring; psychologic; psychological distress; racial and ethnic; resilience; segregation; statistics; stressor; therapy development; tool; transmission process; university student; violence exposure; young adult

ABSTRACT Understanding the adoption of early healthy coping patterns in children and young adolescents who live in violent contexts can reveal strengths that are vital in both families and individuals who reside in neighborhoods characterized by high crime, poverty, racial segregation and family stress. Research has shown that youth who consistently experience and witness community violence in their neighborhoods are at increased risk for psychological issues such as PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Scholars have indicated that for African American populations, subjective measures such as reports of neighborhood stress are associated with more psychological distress, while youth perceptions of neighborhood cohesion are related to lower levels of psychological stress. Coming home to a family who is aware of and discussing explicitly coping measures to be taken in such contexts allows youth to develop resilience that gives them the tools necessary to look beyond their environment to a different future. One such tool is racial-ethnic socialization (RES), defined as the transmission of attitudes, beliefs and values surrounding race/ethnicity. The focus of this proposed project is to understand how neighborhood factors are related to race-related socialization and healthy development of African American children. The proposed project will collect data from a sample of 100 African American children ages 8-15 and their parents within the first two years of the study to explore how subjective and objective characteristics of neighborhoods is associated with mental health outcomes. Additionally, we seek to understand if RES moderates the effects of neighborhood factors on mental health outcomes. We will be using the collected data to examine each of our aims. Aim 1 identifies objective and subjective neighborhood profiles that serve as a basis for understanding how these profiles link to mental health outcomes for youth (Aim 2). Finally, Aim 3 examines how neighborhood profiles and mental health outcomes can be mitigated by ERS, providing evidence-based data for future interventions in racial-ethnic socialization.

抽象的 了解儿童和年轻人的早期健康应对模式的采用 生活在暴力环境中的青少年可以揭示两者中至关重要的优势 居住在以高犯罪为特征的社区中的家庭和个人， 贫困，种族隔离和家庭压力。研究表明年轻人 一贯的经验和见证社区中的社区暴力在 增加了心理问题的风险，例如PTSD，抑郁和焦虑。 学者表明，对于非裔美国人人口，主观措施 例如邻里压力的报道与更多的心理困扰有关， 而青年对邻里凝聚的看法与较低的水平有关 心理压力。回到一个意识到并明确讨论的家庭中 应对在这种情况下要采取的措施使青年能够发展出弹性 为他们提供必要的工具，使他们能够超越环境到不同的未来。 这样的工具是种族与种族社会化（RES），定义为传播 围绕种族/种族的态度，信念和价值观。该提议的重点 项目是了解邻里因素与种族相关的关系如何 非洲裔美国儿童的社会化和健康发展。提议 项目将从8-15岁的100名非裔美国儿童中收集数据， 他们的父母在研究的头两年中探讨了主观和 社区的客观特征与心理健康结果有关。 此外，我们试图了解RES是否适应社区的影响 心理健康结果的因素。我们将使用收集的数据检查每个数据 我们的目标。 AIM 1标识服务的客观和主观邻里概况 作为理解这些概况如何与青年心理健康成果联系在一起的基础 （目标2）。最后，AIM 3研究了邻里概况和心理健康 ER可以减轻结果，为未来提供基于证据的数据 种族与种族社会化的干预措施。