Natural Product Genome Mining

天然产物基因组挖掘

• 批准号: 8700423
• 负责人: William Fenical
• 金额: $ 41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8700423
• 关键词: Accounting; Actinobacteria class; Actinomycetales; Address; Alkaloids; Anabolism; Antibiotics; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Bioinformatics; Biological Factors; Biological Testing; Biomedical Research; Cell physiology; Chemicals; Clinic; Clinical Treatment; Clinical Trials; Cloning; Collaborations; Collection; Data; Data Set; Engineering; Funding; Gene Cluster; Generations; Genetic; Genetic Recombination; Genome; Genomics; Human; Institutes; Joints; Laboratories; Malignant Neoplasms; Marines; Medicine; Metabolic; Methods; Microbiology; Mining; Molecular; Natural Products Chemistry; Orphan; Pathway interactions; Peptides; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacologic Substance; Phase; Phase I Clinical Trials; Process; Public Health; Regulation; Regulatory Pathway; Research; Resources; Role; Sampling; Secure; Sequence Analysis; Site; Solutions; Source; System; Taxon; Time; base; drug discovery; genome sequencing; innovation; mTOR Inhibitor; microbial; novel; novel strategies; programs; public health relevance; pyrroloquinoline; salinosporamide A; scaffold; small molecule; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Bacteria belonging to the Order Actinomycetales, commonly called actinomycetes, account for approximately 75% of the microbial natural products used in human therapy. While major pharmaceutical companies have moved en masse away from natural products as a resource for small molecule drug discovery, it has recently become recognized that actinomycetes derived from marine sources represent an important new source of structurally diverse natural products. In particular, marine actinomycetes belonging to the genus Salinispora have proven to be a rich source of biologically active secondary metabolites including salinosporamide A, which recently completed phase I clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. The compounds produced by this chemically prolific genus span virtually all known biosynthetic classes and have led to the characterization of a growing number of unprecedented biosynthetic paradigms. After more than two decades of extensive marine sampling, we have amassed a collection of more than 5,000 diverse Salinispora strains. This collection provides unprecedented opportunities to further explore the biosynthetic potential of this extraordinary taxon and to address fundamental questions about mechanistic biochemistry and the evolutionary processes that generate new structural diversity. Here we propose the continuation of a genome-mining project that was initiated less than four years ago to analyze six Salinispora genome sequences. This renewal application builds upon the productive collaboration established between the Moore (biosynthesis/genome mining), Jensen (bioinformatics/microbiology) and William Fenical (natural product chemistry) laboratories. In this renewal, we specifically address five major aims: 1) the bioinformatic analysis of 101 Salinispora genome sequences, 2) the genome guided isolation and characterization of new, biologically active Salinispora natural products, 3) the expression of Salinispora biosynthetic gene clusters by transformation-associated recombination cloning, 4) the activation of 'silent' biosynthetic pathways by regulatory manipulation, and 5) the biosynthetic analysis of the Salinispora mTOR inhibitor lymphostin. These aims address fundamentally important questions related to the diversity and distributions of secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways in a well-defined taxon and the evolutionary processes that generate new small molecule diversity.

描述（由申请人提供）：属于放线菌目的细菌，通常称为放线菌，约占人类治疗中使用的微生物天然产物的 75%。虽然主要制药公司已集体放弃将天然产物作为小分子药物发现的资源，但最近人们认识到，源自海洋的放线菌代表了结构多样化的天然产物的重要新来源。特别是，属于盐孢菌属的海洋放线菌已被证明是具有生物活性的次生代谢产物的丰富来源，其中包括盐孢酰胺A，其最近完成了治疗癌症的I期临床试验。这种化学上丰富的属产生的化合物几乎涵盖了所有已知的生物合成类别，并导致了越来越多前所未有的生物合成范例的表征。经过二十多年的广泛海洋采样，我们收集了 5,000 多种不同的盐孢菌菌株。该集合提供了前所未有的机会，可以进一步探索这一非凡分类单元的生物合成潜力，并解决有关机械生物化学和产生新结构多样性的进化过程的基本问题。在这里，我们建议继续开展不到四年前启动的基因组挖掘项目，以分析六个盐孢菌基因组序列。该更新应用程序建立在 Moore（生物合成/基因组挖掘）、Jensen（生物信息学/微生物学）和 William Fenical（天然产物化学）实验室之间建立的富有成效的合作基础上。在这次更新中，我们特别提出了五个主要目标： 1) 对 101 个盐孢菌基因组序列进行生物信息学分析，2) 基因组引导下新的、具有生物活性的盐孢菌天然产物的分离和表征，3) 通过转化相关重组克隆表达盐孢菌生物合成基因簇，4) 激活“盐孢菌”生物合成基因簇。通过调节操作“沉默”生物合成途径，以及 5) Salinispora mTOR 抑制剂的生物合成分析淋巴抑素。这些目标解决了与明确分类单元中次级代谢物生物合成途径的多样性和分布以及产生新的小分子多样性的进化过程相关的根本性重要问题。