Skin Vaccination Against Influenza in the Young And Aged

年轻人和老年人的流感皮肤疫苗接种

基本信息

批准号：
9210049
负责人：
RICHARD W COMPANS
金额：
$ 67.49万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-02-06 至 2020-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9210049
关键词：
Adult Animal Model Animals Antigen-Presenting Cells Antigens Attenuated Live Virus Vaccine B-Lymphocytes Cavia Cells Cessation of life Characteristics Child Data Elderly Exhibits FDA approved Goals Hospitalization Human Immune Immune response Immune system Immunity Immunization Immunologics Individual Infection Inflammatory Influenza Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype Influenza vaccination Innate Immune System Intramuscular Morbidity - disease rate Mus Painless Phenotype Population Population Group Population Heterogeneity Public Health Recruitment Activity Research Risk Role Route Signal Transduction Site Skin Skin Aging Subunit Vaccines Support Groups T cell response Technology Up-Regulation Vaccination Vaccine Research Vaccines Virus Virus Diseases adaptive immune response aged aging population chemokine cytokine design experience global health group support high risk high risk population immunogenicity immunoregulation immunosenescence improved influenza outbreak influenza virus vaccine influenzavirus insight mortality mouse model nonhuman primate pandemic disease prevent public health relevance relative effectiveness senescence uptake vaccination strategy vaccine delivery vaccine development vaccine efficacy

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is widely recognized that the young and elderly represent two population groups at high risk from influenza virus infection. Morbidity and mortality from influenza-related illness and secondary complications are highest in these groups. Although current influenza vaccines are relatively effective in eliciting protective immune responses in adults, they only confer limited protective immunity in the young and aged. The reasons for the reduced efficacy in these groups could be a result of various factors including reduced potency/immunogenicity of split and subunit influenza vaccines, the lack of prior exposure and immaturity of the immune system observed in young individuals and the immunosenescence observed in the elderly. The current intramuscular route used to administer these vaccines may also be less effective for antigen uptake and presentation due to the reduced interaction with MHC II immune cells, thus limiting the magnitude of the immune responses. In order to improve vaccine efficacy in these high risk groups we propose to determine if delivery of influenza vaccine through the skin of the young and aged can confer improved immune responses and protection when compared to intramuscular immunization. We plan to build on our preliminary data and previous studies, and take advantage of our extensive experience with different types of microneedle designs and technologies and unique animal models to successfully complete this project. We are motivated by our findings that skin microneedle delivery of existing FDA-approved influenza vaccine formulations can enhance the immune responses in animal models and confer improved protection when compared to intramuscular immunization in the young and aged. Thus, our research has the potential to suggest new vaccination approaches and immunization strategies that will impact and improve public health globally.

描述（由适用提供）：广泛认识到，年轻人且老年人群体受影响力病毒感染高风险的人群。在这些组中，与影响力相关疾病和继发并发症的发病率和死亡率最高。尽管当前的影响力疫苗在引发受保护的免疫方面相对有效在成年人的反应中，他们只赋予年轻人和老年人的受保护的免疫学有限。这些组有效性降低的原因可能是由于各种因素的结果，包括降低分裂和亚基影响疫苗的效力/免疫原性，在年轻个体中观察到的免疫系统的事先暴露和免疫系统的不成熟以及在老年中观察到的免疫力。由于与MHC II免疫球的相互作用降低，用于施用这些疫苗的当前肌内途径对于抗原吸收和呈现也可能较低，因此限制了免疫响应的幅度。为了提高这些高风险群体的疫苗效率，我们建议确定与肌肉内免疫抑制相比，与年轻和老年人的皮肤相比，影响Za疫苗是否可以通过年轻和老化的皮肤提供改善的免疫调查和保护。我们计划以初步数据和以前的研究为基础，并利用不同类型的微针设计和技术以及独特的动物模型的丰富经验，以成功完成该项目。我们的激励结果是，与年轻人和老年人相比，与肌肉内免疫抑制相比，现有的FDA批准影响疫苗配方的皮肤微针递送可以增强动物模型中的免疫调查。这就是我们的研究有可能提出新的疫苗方法和免疫策略，这些方法将在全球影响和改善全球公共卫生。