An Ethological Analysis of Children's Profiles of Security in Peer Contexts

对儿童同伴环境中安全感的行为学分析

• 批准号: 8435423
• 负责人: DANTE CICCHETTI CICCHETTI
• 金额: $ 21.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8435423
• 关键词: 11 year old; Address; Aggressive behavior; Anxiety; Apple; Behavior; Behavioral; Camping; Characteristics; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Child Mental Health; Child Welfare; Childhood; Clinical; Code; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data Set; Descriptor; Development; Ecology; Emotional; Equation; Equilibrium; Ethology; Event; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Expressed Sequence Tags; Family; Goals; Incidence; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measurement; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Nature; Pattern; Peer Group; Persons; Policies; Prevalence; Process; Psychological adjustment; Psychopathology; Public Health; Reliance; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Safety; Sampling; Scheme; Schools; Secure; Security; Social Adjustment; Social Behavior; Social Conditions; Social isolation; Societies; Specificity; Staging; Structure; Testing; Time; Translating; Withdrawal; base; bullying; child adoption; clinically significant; coping; depressive symptoms; design; economic cost; experience; high risk; improved; indexing; informant; innovation; novel; peer; psychologic; public health priorities; response; school violence; social; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Coping with peer adversity is a common occurrence in childhood that markedly increases the risk for psychopathology and adjustment problems. However, little is known about the nature, precursors, correlates, and developmental sequelae of individual differences in children's behavioral patterns of responding to peer difficulties. In addressing this knowledge gap, this proposal is designed to apply the ethological reformulation of Emotional Security Theory (EST-R; Davies & Sturge-Apple, 2007) to advance the study of children's social behavior within agonic peer relationships in relation to the goal of maintaining sense of security in peer contexts. As a first test of the utility of the EST-R for the study of per dynamics, this application seeks to address the following specific aims: (1) identify the nature and developmental course (i.e., stability, change) of individual differences in children's adoption of five security profiles of defending against peer threat, (2) explicate interrelationships betwee the security profiles and the proximal characteristics of the peer ecology, and (4) examine hypothesized specificity in the mental health and social adjustment sequelae of the security profiles over the course of one year. To address these objectives, this application proposes to utilize a rich existing data set that followed a high risk sample of over 238 6- to 11-year-old children through two summer camps spaced one year apart. As a supplement to the project, a novel measurement approach will be implemented to rigorously examine children's patterns of behavioral responding to threatening peer events in naturalistic peer settings using an innovative ethologically-based coding scheme. Within the context of careful observations and a broader multi-method, multi-informant design, the sophisticated multi-level structural equation modeling and pattern-based analyses are designed to offer rigorous tests of the novel, theoretically guided hypotheses. Consequently, the study has the potential to significantly advance knowledge on the developmental nature, precursors, and sequelae of discordant peer relationships with direct implications for improving targeted identification of children at risk an guiding studies that identify distinct causal processes and target mechanisms for change in intervention initiatives. .

描述（由申请人提供）：应对同伴逆境是童年时期的常见现象，这显着增加了出现精神病理学和适应问题的风险。然而，人们对儿童应对同伴困难的行为模式的个体差异的性质、前兆、相关性和发展后遗症知之甚少。为了解决这一知识差距，本提案旨在应用情绪安全理论（EST-R；Davies & Sturge-Apple，2007）的行为学重新表述来推进对痛苦同伴关系中儿童社会行为的研究，以实现以下目标：在同伴环境中保持安全感。作为对 EST-R 在个体动态研究中的实用性的首次测试，该应用程序旨在解决以下具体目标：（1）确定儿童个体差异的本质和发展过程（即稳定性、变化）。采用 防御同伴威胁的五个安全配置文件，（2）阐明安全配置文件与同伴生态的近端特征之间的相互关系，以及（4）检查安全配置文件在整个过程中心理健康和社会适应后遗症的假设特异性一年的。 为了实现这些目标，该应用程序建议利用丰富的现有数据集，该数据集通过两次相隔一年的夏令营对超过 238 名 6 至 11 岁儿童进行高风险样本跟踪。作为该项目的补充，将采用一种新颖的测量方法，使用基于行为学的创新编码方案，严格检查儿童在自然主义同伴环境中对威胁性同伴事件做出反应的行为模式。在仔细观察和更广泛的多方法、多信息设计的背景下，复杂的多级结构方程建模和基于模式的分析旨在为新颖的、理论上指导的假设提供严格的测试。因此，该研究有可能显着增进对不和谐同伴关系的发展性质、前兆和后遗症的了解，对改善对处于危险中的儿童的有针对性的识别产生直接影响，从而确定不同的因果过程和改变干预措施的目标机制的指导性研究倡议。 。