Everyday Socioemotional Perception in the Context of Aging

老龄化背景下的日常社会情感感知

• 批准号: 9405256
• 负责人: Vanessa Lopes Castro
• 金额: $ 0.16万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9405256
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Aging; Attenuated; Catalogs; Competence; Cues; Discrimination; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; Face; Facial Expression; Feeling; Goals; Hostility; Image; Impairment; Judgment; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Literature; Maintenance; Masks; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Persons; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Series; Social Functioning; Social Perception; Stereotyping; Stimulus; Surveys; Testing; Voice; age difference; age group; age related; design; dyadic interaction; experience; positive emotional state; public health relevance; satisfaction; showing emotion; skills; social; trait; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Older adults report gains in domains including well-being and life satisfaction, despite experiencing declines in socio-emotional perception, a skill that likely underlies performance in these domains. The primary goal of this proposal is to advance our understanding of older adults' everyday socio-emotional perception skills using an approach that identifies the socio-emotional judgments older adults make in their everyday lives as a means to create ecologically valid stimuli for use in laboratory settings. Specifically, the proposed research will investigate older adults' perception of social and emotional states and traits that are hidden or expressed through a series of studies that will collectively assess: 1) older adults' everyday socio-emotional perception skills, and 2) age differences in the perception of social and emotional states and traits on laboratory tasks that approximate everyday skills. In Study 1, an online survey design will be employed to catalogue the types of social and emotional state and trait judgments older and younger adults report making in real life. Participants will also report whether such judgments are important to their social functioning, and whether they perceive their judgments as successful. Study 2 will use these findings to design stimuli for a laboratory task that assess the perception of emotional states that are hidden or expressed. This task will then be administered to a sample of younger and older adults in Study 3 to determine whether older adults demonstrate advantages in accurately perceiving emotional states and in determining whether these states are hidden or expressed as compared to younger adults on a task that is ecologically valid and representative of everyday skill. Study 4 will again draw on findings from Study 1 to design ecologically valid stimuli for a laboratory task that assesses the perception of social traits, including the trait of competence; stimuli will thus include cases where a target's competence is expressed or hidden from the perceiver. This task will subsequently be administered in Study 5 to a sample of younger and older adults to test for age differences in the perception of competence and the discrimination between images displaying expressed competence versus hidden competence. Together, results from these studies will inform our understanding of older adults' skills in perceiving others' emotional states and social traits. It is likely that patterns of age-related decline in soio-emotional perception often observed in the literature exist at least in part as a function of laboratory methods that do not adequately reflect older adults' true skills in daily life. Thus, th proposed research may present a more accurate and also more positive view of emotion and aging. Specifically, the proposed research may demonstrate that older adults experience gains in socio-emotional perception skills compared to younger adults, as these skills are integral to functioning in other domains in which older adults have demonstrated gains. Further, the proposed research contributes to the field by proposing an ecologically valid approach to examine age differences in socio-emotional perception in the laboratory that may be adopted by other researchers.

 描述（由适用提供）：老年人报告了包括幸福感和生活满意度在内的领域的收益，社会情感感知的目的地经历下降，这种技能可能是这些领域表现的基础。该提议的主要目标是提高我们对老年人每天的社会情感感知技能的理解，该方法使用一种方法来识别社会情感法官的老年人每天生活中的社会情感法官作为一种在实验室环境中使用生态有效的刺激措施的一种手段。具体而言，拟议的研究将调查老年人对社会和情感状态以及通过一系列将共同评估的研究隐藏或表达的特征的感知：1）老年人每天的社会情感感知能力，以及2）年龄差异，对每天的社会和情感状态和情感状态和情感状态的感知差异，这些差异对实验室任务进行了大约每天的技能。在研究1中，将采用一种在线调查设计来对社会和情感状态的类型进行分类，以及在现实生活中报告的年龄较大和年轻人的特质法官。参与者还将报告此类法官是否对他们的社会职能很重要，以及他们是否认为法官是成功的。研究2将使用这些发现来设计刺激，以进行实验室任务，以评估隐藏或表达的情绪状态的感知。然后，将对研究3中的年轻人和老年人样本执行此任务，以确定老年人在准确感知情绪状态以及确定与年轻人在生态有效且代表每天技能的任务上是否隐藏或表达这些状态时是否具有优势。研究4将再次借鉴研究1的发现，以设计生态有效的刺激，以评估社会特征的感知，包括能力的特征；因此，刺激将包括表达或从感知者表达或隐藏目标能力的情况下。此任务随后将在研究5中对年轻人和老年人的样本进​​行管理，以测试能力感知的年龄差异以及显示出表达能力与隐藏能力的图像之间的歧视。总之，这些研究的结果将为我们了解老年人在感知他人情绪状态和社会特征方面的技能。在文献中经常观察到的SOIO情感感知与年龄相关的年龄下降模式可能至少部分是作为实验室方法的一部分，这些方法不能充分反映老年人在日常生活中的真实技能。拟议的研究可能会提出对情绪和衰老的更准确，更积极的看法。具体而言，拟议的研究可能表明，与年轻人相比，老年人在社会情感感知技能方面具有收益，因为这些技能对于在其他成年人表现出增长的其他领域的功能是不可或缺的。此外，拟议的研究通过提出一种在实验室中可能采用的实验室社会情感感知的年龄差异来研究的生态有效方法，从而为该领域做出了贡献。

项目成果

Children's prototypic facial expressions during emotion-eliciting conversations with their mothers.

孩子们在与母亲引发情感对话时的典型面部表情。

• DOI: 10.1037/emo0000354
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
• 作者: Castro,VanessaL;Camras,LindaA;Halberstadt,AmyG;Shuster,Michael
• 通讯作者: Shuster,Michael

Aging and the Social Ecology of Everyday Interpersonal Perception: What is Perceived, in Whom, and Where?

老龄化与日常人际感知的社会生态：感知什么、在谁身上、在哪里？

• DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx159
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
• 作者: Castro,VanessaL;Isaacowitz,DerekM
• 通讯作者: Isaacowitz,DerekM