Sex Differences in the Social Brain

社交大脑中的性别差异

基本信息

批准号：
9310365
负责人：
H. Elliott Albers
金额：
$ 67.53万
依托单位：
GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-05 至 2021-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9310365
关键词：
Aggressive behavior Agonist Agonistic Behavior Anxiety Disorders Attention Behavioral Binding Brain Clinical Confocal Microscopy Data Development Drug Targeting Exhibits Female Fluoxetine Gender Goals Hamsters Health Hypothalamic structure Incidence Individual Injection of therapeutic agent Knowledge Lead Macaca mulatta Maintenance Mesocricetus auratus Mood Disorders Neurons Outcome Pattern Pharmacotherapy Phenotype Physiological Positron-Emission Tomography Predisposition Receptor Activation Receptor Inhibition Resistance Role Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Series Serotonin Serotonin Receptor 5-HT1A Sex Characteristics Site Social Interaction Social status Stress Testing Therapeutic Vasopressins Woman Work coping drug development innovation male men neurochemistry neuromechanism neuropsychiatric disorder receptor receptor binding social social stress stem

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY In most mammalian species, social interactions among individuals of the same species are governed by dominance relationships. These hierarchical relationships are established and maintained by agonistic behaviors, including aggression. Importantly, recent data indicate that the neural mechanisms underlying aggression and attaining dominance produce a phenotype that is resistant to social stress while the mechanisms underlying subordinate status produce a social stress-susceptible phenotype that may result in a number of adverse behavioral and physiological outcomes. Despite the relationship between social status and stress, the neurochemical mechanisms that underlie dominance have received only limited attention in males and almost no attention in females. This project will fill this critical gap in our knowledge by testing an integrated series of hypotheses using Syrian hamsters and rhesus monkeys. This project will critically test the overarching hypothesis that the agonistic behaviors responsible for the formation and maintenance of dominance relationships are regulated in dramatically different ways by vasopressin (AVP) and serotonin (5- HT) in males and females. Specifically, we propose that activation of AVP and inhibition of 5-HT promotes dominant status and a stress resistant phenotype in MALES while producing subordinate status and a stress susceptible phenotype in FEMALES. In contrast, inhibition of AVP and activation of 5-HT promotes dominance and a stress resistant phenotype in FEMALES while producing subordinate status and a stress susceptible phenotype in MALES. Together, these data will significantly expand our knowledge of sex differences in the neurochemical mechanisms that define social phenotypes and will provide innovative gender specific strategies for promoting resistance to social stress. The data obtained in this project could have an almost immediate clinical impact by guiding drug treatments for stress reduction in men and women as well as guiding drug development by emphasizing the role of AVP-targeted drugs in males and 5-HT- targeted drugs in females.

项目摘要在大多数哺乳动物物种中，同一物种的个体之间的社会互动受优势关系。这些分层关系是由动力学建立和维护的行为，包括侵略。重要的是，最近的数据表明神经机制侵略和获得优势会产生对社会压力有抵抗力的表型下属状态的机制产生了可能导致社会压力敏感的表型许多不利的行为和生理结果。尽管社会地位之间有关系和压力，基于优势的神经化学机制仅受到了有限的关注男性，女性几乎没有注意力。该项目将通过测试我们的知识来填补这一关键差距使用叙利亚仓鼠和恒河猴进行了一系列综合假设。该项目将严重测试总体假设，即激动行为负责形成和维护加压素（AVP）和5-羟色胺以极大的不同方式调节优势关系（5- HT）在男性和女性中。具体而言，我们提出，AVP的激活和5-HT的抑制会促进雄性的主要状态和抗压力表型，同时产生下属状态和压力女性易感表型。相比之下，抑制AVP和5-HT的激活促进在女性中的优势和抗压力表型，同时产生下属状态和压力男性易感表型。这些数据一起将大大扩展我们对性别的了解定义社会表型并将提供创新的神经化学机制的差异性别特定的策略来促进抵抗社会压力。该项目中获得的数据可能通过指导药物治疗以减轻男性和女性的压力来产生几乎立即的临床影响以及指导药物开发，通过强调符合AVP靶向药物在男性和5-HT-的作用女性的靶向药物。