Epigenomic Approaches for Unbiased Single Human-Neuron Subtype Census

无偏见的单个人类神经元亚型普查的表观基因组方法

基本信息

批准号：
9357694
负责人：
M MARGARITA BEHRENS
金额：
$ 24.25万
依托单位：
SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-09-28 至 2018-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9357694
关键词：
Address Adult Animal Model Antibodies Area Autopsy BRAIN initiative Behavioral Brain Brain region Catalogs Categories Cell Nucleus Cells Censuses Characteristics Classification Cluster Analysis DNA Methylation Data Dependence Development Flow Cytometry Gene Expression Gene Expression Profile Gene Expression Regulation Goals High-Throughput RNA Sequencing Human Immunohistochemistry Lead Location Maps Mental disorders Methodology Methods Mitotic Modification Molecular Morphology Mus Nature Neuraxis Neuroglia Neuronal Differentiation Neurons Neurotransmitters Nuclear Proteins Pathologic Pattern Physiological Pilot Projects Population Population Analysis Recording of previous events Rodent Sampling Sorting - Cell Movement Techniques Technology Tissues Translating Type I Epithelial Receptor Cell base cell type combinatorial epigenomics excitatory neuron frontal lobe hippocampal pyramidal neuron human tissue improved inhibitory neuron method development methylation pattern neurochemistry public health relevance

项目摘要

Abstract Understanding the exact cell-type composition in brain regions is a fundamental step when trying to integrate physiological, behavioral, neurochemical and molecular data. At present, although major categories of cell- types present in cortex have been defined through a handful of specific markers, the different subtypes within these categories, as well as their location and connectivity are far from understood. DNA methylation (mC) is a stable covalent modification that persists in post-mitotic cells throughout their lifetime, defining their cellular identity. Methylation patterns are cell type specific, differentiating the major types of cells i.e., neurons and glia, in the rodent and human cortex, as well as differentiating neuronal types in mouse cortex. However, little is known about what identifies the populations of neurons belonging specific categories within a brain region e.g. pyramidal neurons in different cortical layers or areas of frontal cortex. This project proposes to develop the technology necessary to address the challenge of producing single-neuron mC maps in a cortical layer-specific manner using human postmortem frontal-cortex tissue. Expansion of this methodology will ultimately lead to a thorough classification of all neuronal types in the human brain.

抽象的了解大脑区域的确切细胞类型组成是试图整合的基本步骤生理，行为，神经化学和分子数据。目前，尽管细胞的主要类别皮质中存在的类型已通过少数特定标记来定义这些类别及其位置和连通性远非理解。 DNA甲基化（MC）是稳定的共价修饰，该修饰在有丝分裂细胞的整个生命周期中一直存在，从而定义其细胞身份。甲基化模式是细胞类型的特异性，区分主要类型的细胞，即神经元和神经胶质，，在啮齿动物和人皮层中，以及在小鼠皮质中区分神经元类型。但是，几乎没有知道识别大脑区域内特定类别的神经元种群的了解，例如不同皮层或额叶皮质区域的锥体神经元。该项目建议开发解决在皮质层特定于皮质层中生产单神经MC地图的挑战所需的技术使用人类后额叶皮层组织的方式。这种方法的扩展最终将导致对人脑中所有神经元类型的彻底分类。