Exercise as a Buffer Against Stressed-Induced Eating

锻炼可以缓冲压力引起的饮食

• 批准号: 9062439
• 负责人: Jessica L Unick
• 金额: $ 14.56万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9062439
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Adult; Affect; Anxiety; Area; Attenuated; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body Weight decreased; Buffers; Cellular Phone; Characteristics; Consumption; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Disinhibition; Doctor of Philosophy; Eating; Ecological momentary assessment; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Exercise; Exercise Physiology; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Goals; Health; Hospitals; Hunger; Hydrocortisone; Hyperphagia; Individual; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lead; Life; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Moods; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Physical activity; Physiological; Population; Positioning Attribute; Psychological Factors; Published Comment; Qualifying; Randomized; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Self-control as a personality trait; Stress; Supervision; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Universities; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Wing; Woman; Work; addiction; biological adaptation to stress; career; coping; design; exercise physiologist; exercise training; experience; improved; innovation; medical schools; multidisciplinary; novel; obesity treatment; professor; programs; psychologic; psychosocial; randomized trial; response; responsible research conduct; sedentary; skills; stress management; stress reactivity; stressor; sugar

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dr. Unick is an Assistant Professor (Research) at the Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University and an exercise physiologist at The Miriam Hospital's Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center. She received her PhD in exercise physiology from the University of Pittsburgh, where she also gained valuable experience in behavioral weight loss treatment. Her long-term goal is to become an independent exercise/obesity investigator, with a line of research focused on understanding the psychological factors through which exercise may assist in long-term weight control. The current application would add to the scant literature in this area by examining whether exercise reduces stress-induced overeating. An understanding of the basic mechanisms through which exercise influences weight control, is important for the future of obesity treatment. As part of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01), Dr. Unick will gain extensive training in the areas of (1) stress responses and stress methodology, (2) stress as it specifically affects obesity, (3) the psychological benefits of exercise as observed in the treatment of addictions, (4) ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and statistical analyses, (5) the responsible conduct of research, and (6) professional development focused on becoming an independent investigator. This training will occur in the form of didactics and hands-on experiences gained under the guidance and supervision of a highly qualified team of mentors. Dr. Unick will work closely with her primary mentor, Dr. Rena Wing, an internationally recognized obesity researcher, as well as her multidisciplinary team of co-mentors [Dr. Laura Stroud (stress methodology), Dr. Elissa Epel (stress and obesity), Dr. Rick Brown (exercise in addictions), and Drs. Ross Crosby and Graham Thomas (EMA and statistical analyses)]. The research will be conducted at The Miriam Hospital & Brown Medical School, an environment well-suited for developing junior investigators and fully equipped with the resources to carry out the proposed research plan. Given that stress contributes to overeating and poor dietary choices and a separate body of literature demonstrating that exercise reduces stress, the current application seeks to examine the novel question of whether exercise training reduces stress-induced eating. We will begin by examining this in a tightly controlled laboratory setting (Study 1) and then transition to the examination of this research question in a free-living environment (Study 2). In Study 1, 48 sedentary and overweight/obese women will be randomized to a 10- week supervised exercise training program (EX) or a no-exercise control condition (CON). Participants will come to the lab on two separate occasions at both baseline and 10 weeks. On one day they will be exposed to a psychosocial stressor while the other day will serve as a no-stress, control day. "Stress-induced eating" will be defined as the energy intake (measured via a buffet meal) following exposure to the stressor on the stress day minus the energy intake on the no-stress day. It is hypothesized that EX will reduce "stress-induced eating" relative to CON. Given that exposure to a psychosocial stressor and buffet meal in a laboratory setting may not mimic real world conditions, Study 2 will focus on whether exercise reduces stress-induced overeating using smart phones and EMA data collection methods, designed to obtain 'real-time' responses in a free living environment. Forty-eight sedentary, overweight/obese women will be randomized to 10 weeks of supervised exercise training (EX) or a no-exercise control condition (CON). Participants will be asked to log their stress, mood, hunger, dietary temptations/lapses, and "overeating" episodes via a smart phone for 10 days before and after the training period. It is hypothesized that EX will reduce the proportion of "overeating" and "stress-induced overeating" episodes, relative to CON. The proposed studies are the first to examine the effects of exercise training on stress-induced overeating, addressing an important research gap in the area of exercise and obesity. The rigorous methodology, randomized design, and novel use of dual methodologies (lab to life generalization) make this application both significant and innovative. Moreover, these studies will provide rich data sets, enabling Dr. Unick to conduct additional exploratory and hypothesis generating analyses, which will also help facilitate her transition to an independent investigator. It is expected that through the formal coursework, hands-on training, and excellent mentorship, Dr. Unick will gain the knowledge and skills necessary to develop an independent, extramurally funded research career in the area of exercise and obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：Unick博士是布朗大学沃伦·阿尔珀特医学院的助理教授（研究），也是Miriam医院体重控制和糖尿病研究中心的运动生理学家。她获得了匹兹堡大学的运动生理学博士学位，在那里她还获得了行为减肥治疗方面的宝贵经验。她的长期目标是成为一名独立的运动/肥胖研究者，一系列研究的重点是理解运动可能有助于长期体重控制的心理因素。当前的应用将通过检查运动是否减少了压力引起的暴饮暴食，从而增加了该领域的文献。对运动影响体重控制的基本机制的理解对于肥胖治疗的未来很重要。作为这一指导研究科学家发展奖（K01）的一部分，Unick博士将在（1）压力反应和压力方法的领域进行广泛的培训，（2）压力特别影响肥胖，（3）运动对锻炼的心理益处，如在成瘾治疗中所观察到的，（4） 生态瞬时评估（EMA）和统计分析，（5）负责任的研究以及（6）专业发展的重点是成为独立研究者。这项培训将以教导和实践经验的形式进行，并在一支高素质的导师团队的指导和监督下获得。 Unick博士将与她的主要导师Rena Wing博士（国际认可的肥胖研究人员）以及她的跨学科团队紧密合作[博士Laura Stroud（压力方法），Elissa Epel博士（压力和肥胖症），Rick Brown博士（成瘾运动）和Drs。罗斯·克罗斯比（Ross Crosby）和格雷厄姆·托马斯（Graham Thomas）（EMA和统计分析）]。这项研究将在Miriam医院和布朗医学院进行，这是一个非常适合开发初级调查人员的环境，并配备了资源来执行拟议的研究计划。鉴于压力有助于暴饮暴食和饮食不佳的选择以及单独的文献表明运动可以减轻压力，因此当前的应用程序试图研究新的问题，即运动训练是否减少了压力引起的饮食。我们将首先在严格控制的实验室环境中（研究1）进行检查，然后在自由生活环境中过渡到对该研究问题的检查（研究2）。在研究1中，将48个久坐和超重/肥胖的妇女随机分为10周监督运动培训计划（EX）或无运动控制条件（CON）。参与者将在基线和10周之间两次分别来实验室。有一天，他们将面临社会心理压力源，而前几天将成为无压力的控制日。 “压力引起的饮食”将定义为在压力日暴露于压力源之后减去无压力日的能量摄入后的能量摄入量（通过自助餐量测量）。假设EX将减少相对于Con的“压力引起的饮食”。鉴于在实验室环境中暴露于社会心理压力源和自助餐可能不会模仿现实世界的状况，研究2将集中于运动是否减少使用智能手机和EMA数据收集方法的压力引起的暴饮暴食，旨在在自由生活环境中获得“实时”反应。四十八名久坐，超重/肥胖的妇女将随机分为10周的监督运动训练（EX）或无运动控制条件（CON）。将要求参与者记录他们的压力，情绪，饥饿，饮食诱惑/失误，并通过智能手机在训练期之前和之后通过智能手机“暴饮暴食”。假设EX将减少相对于CON的“暴饮暴食”和“应力诱发的暴饮暴食”发作的比例。拟议的研究是第一个研究运动训练对压力引起的暴饮暴食的影响，这解决了运动和肥胖领域的重要研究差距。严格的方法论，随机设计以及对双重方法的新颖使用（实验室对生活的概括）使这一应用具有重要意义和创新性。此外，这些研究将提供丰富的数据集，使Unick博士能够进行其他探索性和假设生成分析，这也将有助于促进她向独立研究者的过渡。可以预期，通过正式的课程，动手培训和出色的指导，Unick博士将获得在运动和肥胖领域发展独立的，外部资助的研究职业所必需的知识和技能。